摘要
[目的]研究苹果花芽形态分化特性。[方法]以长富2号(Changfu 2)和嘎啦(Gala apples)作为研究对象,对其物候期及花芽形态分化过程(未分化期、分化初期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期)进行研究。[结果]嘎啦作为早、中熟品种,在昆明地区7月上旬开始进行花芽形态分化,7月上旬为分化初期;7月中下旬开始进入萼片原基分化期,持续到8月上旬;8月上旬为花瓣原基分化期,同时部分花芽开始进入雄蕊原基分化期;9月中旬为雌蕊原基分化的分化盛期,持续到11月份。长富2号花芽分化的高峰期为8—9月,形态分化的各个时期均晚于嘎啦30 d左右,且花芽分化的各个时期是相互重叠的。物候期调查发现,长富2号从花芽膨大期到座果期历时48 d左右,而嘎啦早10 d左右。[结论]该研究对云南苹果发展有一定的参考意义。
[ Objective ] Characteristics of Malus pumila flower bud morphological differentiation were studied. [ Method ] Took Changfu 2 and Gala apples as the objects, the phenological period and the flower bud morphological differentiation process （non-differentiation stage, initial differentiation stage, sepal primordial differentiation stage, petal primordial differentiation stage, stamen primordial differentiation stage, pistil primordial differentiation stage）were studied. [ Result ] As early and middle ripening varieties, flower bud of Gala apples began to differentia- tion in early July at Kunming District. Hence, the initial differentiation occurred in early July. From the mid-July to the early August, it began to enter sepal primordial differentiation stage. In early August, the petal primordial differentiation stage was found, meanwhile, some flower buds began to enter stamen primordial differentiation stage. The peak differentiation of pistil primordium occurrd in the early September and lasted until November. Each period of the flower bud morphological differentiation of Changfu 2 was 30 d later than Gala apples＇. Tarious stages of flower bud differentiation were overlapping. From flower bud enlargement period to the fruit bearing period, Changfu 2 lasted for about 48 d by phenological investigation, while the Gala apples OCCUrred almost 10 days earlier. [ Conclusion] The study has certain reference meaning on apple development at Yunnan.
作者
朱牧笛
张荣
石卓功
ZHU Mu-di ZHANG Rong SHI Zhuo-gong(Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 65022)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2017年第4期42-44,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
长富2号
嘎啦
形态分化
物候期
Changfu 2
Gala apples
Morphological differentiation
Phenological period
