摘要
采用生命周期分析方法,以1 000 L甘薯乙醇为单位功能单元,将甘薯乙醇生产体系分成作物种植、原料运输和乙醇转换等3个单元,对其生命周期能耗与环境排放进行清单分析和影响评价,比较习惯施肥与测土配方施肥下甘薯乙醇生命周期9类环境影响潜力的差异。结果表明:两种施肥模式下甘薯乙醇生产体系的生命周期能源效率分别为1.41和1.43。习惯施肥模式下甘薯乙醇生命周期主要环境影响类型包括人体毒性、富营养化、酸化、淡水生态毒性、能耗和全球变暖,其环境影响潜力分别相当于2000年世界人均影响潜力的40%、40%、31%、29%、25%和20%。测土配方施肥降低了化学氮肥和磷肥使用量,提高了肥料利用效率和甘薯单产,使富营养化、淡水生态毒性、酸化和全球变暖潜力分别降低了31%、15%、9%和7%。可见,测土配方施肥模式可改善甘薯乙醇生命周期的能源效率并显著缓解其负面环境影响。
Life cycle assessment analysis method was used to establish the life-cycle energy consumption and emission inventory, and evaluate the environmental impacts of bioethanol production produced from sweet potato with two different fertilization modes, that is, conventional fertilization mode and soil testing ＆ formulating fertilization mode. The sweet potato based ethanol production system was divided into three subsystems, including crop cultivation, feedstock transport and ethanol conversion. The energy consumption and pollutant emission inventory of sweet potato based ethanol was established with the unit of 1 000 L ethanol production. The results show that the energy efficiencies of the two sweet potato based ethanol production systems were 1.41 and 1.43. The main environmental impacts of ethanol produced from sweet potato with conventional fertilization practice are human toxicity, eutrophication, acidification, freshwater ecotoxicity, energy depletion and global warming, their environmental impact potentials accounting for 40%, 40%, 31%, 29%, 25% and 20% of relevant environmental potential per capita in 2000. The soil test ＆ formulating fertilization practice reduced the usage of chemical nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers and increased the fertilizer utilization efficiency and sweet potato yielding, so the environmental impact indexes of eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, acidification and global warming were decreased by 31%, 15%, 9% and 7%, respectively. Therefore, soil testing ＆ formulating fertilization mode can improve life-cycle energy efficiency of the sweet potato based bioethanol and significantly alleviate its negative environmental impacts.
作者
王明新
姚静波
孙向武
WANG Ming-xin YAO Jing-bo SUN Xiang-wu(College of Environmental ＆ Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China)
出处
《自然资源学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第2期245-254,共10页
Journal of Natural Resources
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(14YJAZH078)
江苏省高校"青蓝工程"学术带头人培养对象资助项目~~
关键词
甘薯
乙醇
生命周期分析
能源效率
环境影响
sweet potato
ethanol
life cycle analysis
energy efficiency
environmental impact
