摘要
为了应对区域性特征日益凸显的大气污染问题,中国在多个区域建立了大气污染联防联控机制。实证检验联防联控机制的实施效果对于完善大气污染联防联控机制、实现区域空气质量的整体改善具有重要的决策参考价值。作者以山东省会城市群为例,基于空气质量指数以及6种分项污染物数据,运用双重差分法实证检验了区域大气污染联防联控机制的实施效果。研究发现:(1)尽管区域联防联控机制实施以来山东省空气质量有所改善,但双重差分检验结果并不显著。(2)不同污染物的检验结果存在一定的差异。大气污染联防联控机制的实施显著降低了SO_2、CO和NO_2的浓度,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度的双重差分项估计系数均为正且都没有通过显著性检验,而O_3浓度在联防联控机制实施后显著上升。区域大气污染联防联控没有取得预期效果的原因在于大气污染治理及空气质量改善的长期性、参与成员的"搭便车"行为、强有力协调机构的缺失、联防联控制度建设不完备以及合作治污能力不足等。完善区域联防联控机制、避免陷入"集体行动困境"是未来完善区域联防联控机制的重点。
To address the air pollution problems of the increasingly apparent regional characteristics, a number of regions have established a mechanism for joint prevention and control of air pollution in China. Testing the effect of the implementation of joint prevention and control mechanism can contribute to improving air pollution joint prevention, control mechanism, and realize the overall improvement of regional air quality, which has an important decision-making reference value. Based on the Air Quality Index （AQI） and the data of six sub-pollutants, this paper takes the urban agglomeration of Shandong provincial capital as an example and uses differences-in-differences approach （ DID ） to examine the effect of the implementation of the regional joint prevention and control mechanism of air pollution. The results show that： ①The air quality of Shandong Province has improved since the regional joint prevention and control mechanism was implemented, but DID test results are not significant. ②There are some differences in the test results of different pollutants. Implementation of joint mechanism reduces the concentration of SO2, CO and NO2 significantly. The estimated coefficients of PM2.5 and PM10 are positive and do not pass the test of significance. However, the concentration of O3 has increased significantly since the joint prevention and control mechanism was implemented. Regional joint mechanism does not achieve the expected effect because of the air pollution treatment and air quality improvement in a long term, ＂ free-rider＂ behavior of participating members, the lack of a strong coordination institution, incomplete system construction of joint mechanism and shortage of cooperation pollution control ability. Improving the regional joint mechanism and avoiding the ＂dilemma of collective action＂ are the focuses of the regional joint prevention and control in the future.
作者
杨骞
王弘儒
刘华军
YANG Qian WANG Hong-ru LIU Hua-jun(School of Public Management, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China)
出处
《城市与环境研究》
2016年第4期3-21,共19页
Urban and Environmental Studies
关键词
大气污染
联防联控
双重差分
集体行动困境
air pollution
joint prevention and control
differences-in-differences
dilemma of collective action
