摘要
平台化履责越来越成为领先企业实践社会责任的新范式,但理论界对其却缺乏研究。本文在将企业履责方式划分为独立自履、合作自履、价值链履责推动和平台化履责四种范式基础上,分析了平台化履责对传统履责范式在社会治理方式、价值创造方式、社会责任边界和社会责任管理上的超越,提出平台化履责的四个前提条件,即道德资源和爱心资源的稀缺性假说、社会价值本位的判断标准假说、平台化资源配置的更优效率假说和社会主体多元价值偏好的更优实现需求假说。本文认为,平台化履责的基本目标是要形成针对特定社会问题的社会化解决机制,高阶目标则是要打造可持续的社会责任生态圈,其核心机制包括初创形成阶段的搜寻机制和生成机制、扩张成长阶段的触发机制和吸纳机制、稳定运行阶段的协调机制和治理机制、自我更新或死亡阶段的进化机制和退出机制。本文还构建了综合社会问题类型、企业社会回应策略与企业影响力范围的平台化履责范式的适用情境模型,基于"平台基础—实现方式"区分出企业实施平台化履责的六类战略,即新创战略、演化战略、包络战略、购买战略、嫁接战略和转化战略,提出企业应当结合应用平台化履责与传统履责范式、重视多履责平台管理与外部履责平台接入、适时承担与退出履责平台提供者角色、综合运用多种治理机制并实施分类治理、更多采用基于互联网的平台化履责范式等建议。
Although lacking of theoretical research, implementing CSR by platformization is increasingly becom- ing a new dominating paradigm for CSR practice. Based on classifying the way to implement responsibility into four paradigms , namely self-independently performing, cooperating performing by oneself, motivating value chain perform- ing,and performing by platformization, this paper analyzes how performing by platformization go beyond the tradi- tional performing paradigm in the aspects of social governance, value creation, boundary of CSR and CSR manage- ment. Then this paper proposes four preconditions, namely moral and compassion resources scarcity hypothesis, so- cial value oriented judgment criterion hypothesis, more efficiency in resource allocation by platformization hypothesis and social actors plural value preference superior in realizing demand hypothesis. Thereinto, in the circumstance of moral and compassion resources scarcity hypothesis, moral and compassion resources also have the general charac- teristics of resources, and the scissors difference between moral and compassion resources supply and demand reflect the scarcity of moral and compassion resources, in the opinion of social value oriented judgment criterion hypothe- sis, the existing value of enterprise is located at the outside, and lie in creating values for society, in the sight of more efficiency in resource allocation by platformization hypothesis, comparing with the dispersed allocation mode of resource, the network allocation mode turns out higher allocation efficiency of social value, in the view of social ac- tors plural value preference superior in realizing demand hypothesis, the value orientation of any social subjects are diversified, and could develop into an value preference of space which is composed of economic value and non-eco- nomic value. This paper argues that the basic goal of implementing CSR by platformization is to form a social prob- lem resolution mechanism for specific social problems and the higher level goals is to build a sustainable ecosystem of social responsibility with the core mechanism including search and formation mechanism in the start-up formation phase, triggering and incorporating mechanism in the growth and expansion stage, the coordination and governance mechanism in the stable operation phase, and evolution mechanism and exit mechanism in the self-renewal or death phase. This paper also constructs a applicable context model for implementing CSR by platformization which in- tegrates factors such as social issue categories, corporate social responsiveness strategies and scope of corporation in- fluence, and identified 6 strategies for corporations to implement CSR by platformization which are innovative strate- gy, evolution strategy, envelopment strategy, purchase strategy, grafting strategy and transformation strategy based on ＂platform foundation--realization method＂ analysis. Thereinto, innovative strategy should be adopted when an enter- prise lacks the foundation of social relation network and possessed less knowledge stock, evolution strategy should be used when an enterprise accumulates part of the knowledge to solve social problems and formed stakeholders net- work and social relation network to solve social problems related initially, envelopment strategy will be happened when the implementing CSR platform which could be used to deal with similar social problem or social problem with huge difference has been established focusing on solving particular social problem, purchase strategy should be in- troduced when although an enterprise has no social relation network and knowledge stock entirely, it does has fully redundant resources and capabilities, grafting strategy should be introduced when an enterprise possesses certain re- sources to solve particular social problems, but lacks enough redundant resource to carry out the external purchasing of implementing CSR platform and necessary practice and experience to implement evolution strategy, transformation strategy is right strategy for the backbone enterprise in the business ecosystem and platform enterprise in the bilater- al and multilateral market. Finally, this paper proposes further suggestions for implementing CSR by platformization. Namely, implementing CSR by platformization should be combined by the traditional performing par- adigm at the same time, the management of multi-platform of implementing CSR and the inserting of implementing CSR platform should be attached great importance, the provider role for implementing CSR platform should be un- dertook and exited at the right moment, multi-governance-mechanism should be applied comprehensively combined with classified governance,the implementing CSR platformization based on the internet should be adopted more.
作者
肖红军
XIAO Hong-jun(Institute of Industrial Economics of CASS, Beijing, 100836, China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期193-208,共16页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目"竞争性国有企业的混合所有制改革研究"(71472186)
关键词
企业社会责任
平台化履责
履责平台
社会问题
corporate social responsibility
implementing CSR by platformization
platform for implementing CSR
social issues
