摘要
目的了解“十二五”期间枣阳市碘缺乏病病情和人群碘营养状况，评价干预措施落实情况及效果，为今后防治措施的调整提供科学依据。方法全市按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡（镇）、每个乡（镇）抽取4个行政村，每个行政村抽检15户居民家中食盐，定量检测盐碘含量；在所抽取的乡（镇）各抽取1所乡中心小学，每所小学采集40名8～10岁儿童（男、女各半）的尿样，检测尿碘含量，并用触诊法检查儿童甲状腺肿大情况；在所抽取的乡（镇）各采集20名孕妇的尿样和家中食盐，检测尿碘和盐碘含量；每个乡（镇）在开展尿碘含量检测的孕妇中，各抽取10人进行人户问卷调查，了解孕妇碘缺乏病健康教育知晓情况。结果共采集居民户食用盐300份，盐碘中位数为21．2mg／kg，碘盐覆盖率为97．7％（293／300），合格碘盐食用率为90.3％（271／300）；共采集儿童尿样200份，尿碘中位数为232．4μg／L；共采集孕妇尿样100份，尿碘中位数为232．9μg/L；调查8～10岁儿童甲状腺200人，甲状腺肿大率为3．0％（6／200）；问卷调查孕妇50名，知晓率为82．0％（41／50）。结论“十二五”期间枣阳市已达到持续消除碘缺乏病标准，儿童碘营养超适宜与孕妇碘营养不足状态依然存在。建议进一步加大碘盐市场的管理和碘缺乏病宣传力度，精准调整食盐加碘标准，确保各类人群处于碘适宜状态。
Objective To find out the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） and population iodine nutritional status, and to evaluate the intervention effect of iodized salt during the ＂Twelfth Five-Year Plan＂ period, and to provide a scientific basis for adjusting the intervention programs. Methods One town was selected respectively from the east, the west, the south, the north and the central of the entire city, 4 villages were selected from each town, 15 residents were selected to determine iodide content by quantitative detection; 1 primary school was selected respectively from those 5 chosen towns, 40 subjects aged from 8 to 10 years old （half male and half female） in each school were selected to collect urine samples for determination of urinary iodine, and to detect the volume of thyroid by palpation; 20 pregnant women were chosen respectively from those 5 towns to detect their urinary iodine content and to determine iodine content of their salt samples, 10 pregnant women were selected to investigate their healthy knowledge. Results A total of 300 samples of edible salt were tested, the median of salt iodine was 21.2 mg/kg, coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.7% （293/300）, the consumption rate of eligible iodized salt at household level was 90.3% （271/300）; the median of urinary iodine level was 232.4 μg/L in 200 8 - 10 years old chindren; 232.9 μg/L in 100 pregnant women; the prevalence rate of goiter in children aged 8 - 10 was 3.0% （6/ 200）; the healthy knowledge rate of pregnant women was 82.0% （41/50）. Conclusions During the ＂Twelfth Five- Year Plan＂ period, Zaoyang has achieved the stage of elimination of IDD, but the situation of iodine nutrition- rich children and the iodine nutrition-lack pregnant women are still exist. Therefore, we still need to strengthen the salt market management and insist to spread the knowledge of IDD, to eliminate the non-iodized salt from the market, and to ensure all people in appropriate iodine nutrition.
作者
赵俊芳
程开军
Zhao Junfang Che ng Kaijun(Pediatrics, First People ＇s Hospital of Zooyang City, Zaoyang 441200, China （Zhao JF Department of Endemic Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zaoyang City, Zaoyang 441200, China （Cheng K J)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期220-222,共3页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
碘
尿
盐类
营养
Iodine
Urinary
Salts
Nutrition
