摘要
目的:分析儿童不同屈光状态及不同阅读距离与阅读时间的调节反应量及调节滞后量的差异,为阐明儿童调节反应状态,以及从调节反应的角度推测阅读距离与近视发生和发展的关系提供参考。方法:随机抽取184名8~12岁儿童,采用双眼开放式视野红外自动验光仪(WAM-5500)观察阅读距离在20 cm和33 cm时调节反应量与调节滞后量。结果:33 cm阅读时间1 min与10 min时,阅读距离正视组诱发的调节反应量分别为(2.03±0.41,2.31±0.51)D,在矫正至正视状态下,低、中近视组诱发的调节反应量分别为(1 min:1.90±0.43,10 min:2.25±0.42)D、(1 min:1.75±0.35,10 min:2.01±0.34)D;20cm阅读时间1 min与10 min时,阅读距离正视组诱发的调节反应量分别为(3.72±0.63,3.93±0.43)D,在矫正至正视状态下,低、中近视组诱发的调节反应量分别为(1 min:3.62±0.49,10 min:3.91±0.23)D、(1 min:3.32±0.60,10 min:3.71±0.21)D;33 cm处阅读时间1 min与10 min时,正视组的调节滞后分别为(1.00±0.41,1.21±0.14)D,在矫正至正视状态下,低、中近视组的调节滞后分别为(1 min:1.01±0.43,10 min:1.09±0.11)D、(1 min:1.03±0.37,10 min:1.05±0.09)D;20 cm处阅读时间1 min与10 min时,正视组的调节滞后分别为(1.27±0.64,1.42±0.26)D,在矫正至正视状态下,低、中近视组的调节滞后分别为(1 min:1.18±0.50,10 min:1.37±0.10)D、(1 min:1.26±0.63,10 min:1.35±0.15)D。阅读距离为20 cm组的调节需求、反应和滞后均大于33 cm组(P<0.05);阅读时间10 min时的调节需求、反应和滞后均大于1 min。结论:阅读距离与阅读时间是调节反应量和调节滞后量的重要影响因素,可能与青少年近视进展有关,控制阅读距离是儿童近视预防的关键。
Objective： To compare and analyze the effects of children with different refractive status and different reading distance and reading time adjustment quantity and adjust lag difference,to clarify the regulation of children reaction state,and by adjusting the reaction angle that the reading distance and the occurrence and development of myopia relationship to provide reference. Methods：184 children between 8 and 12 years old were selected randomly. The accommodative responses and accommodative lag in the reading distance of 20 cm and 33 cm were measured using binocular open visual field infrared automatic optometry（ WAM-5500）. Results： For33 cm reading distance under reading time of 1 and 10 min,accommodative reactions were 2. 03 ± 0. 41 D（ 1 min） and 2. 31 ± 0. 51 D（ 10 min） and accommodative lags were 1. 00 ± 0. 41 D（ 1 min） and 1. 21 ± 0. 14 D（ 10 min） in emmetropia,as well as 1. 90 ± 0. 43D（ 1 min）,2. 25 ± 0. 42（ 10 min） of accommodative reactions and 1. 01 ± 0. 43 D（ 1min）,1. 09 ± 0. 11 D（ 10 min） of accommodative lags for low myopia,1. 75 ± 0. 43 D（ 1 min）,2. 01 ± 0. 34 D（ 10 min） of accommodative reactions and 1. 03 ± 0. 37 D（ 1 min）,1. 05 ± 0. 09 D（ 10 min） of accommodative lags for moderate myopia with corrected distance visual acuity,respectively. For 20 cm reading distance,accommodative reactions were 3. 72 ± 0. 63 D（ 1 min） and 3. 93 ± 0. 43 D（ 10 min） and accommodative lags were 1. 27 ±0. 64 D（ 1 min） and 1. 42 ± 0. 26 D（ 10 min） in emmetropia; as well as 3. 62 ± 0. 49 D（ 1 min）,3. 91 ± 0. 23（ 10 min） of accommodative reactions and 1. 18 ± 0. 50 D（ 1 min）,1. 37 ± 0. 10 D（ 10 min） of accommodative lags for low myopia,3. 32 ± 0. 60 D（ 1min）,3. 71 ± 0. 21 D（ 10 min） of accommodative reactions and 1. 26 ± 0. 63（ 1 min）,1. 35 ± 0. 15 D（ 10 min） of accommodative lags for moderate myopia with corrected distance visual acuity,respectively. The accommodative demand,responses and lag in 20 cm reading distance were significant higher than that in 33 cm reading distance（ P〈0. 05）,However,accommodative demand,responses and lag in 10 min were all higher than those in 1 min,thedifference was not significant. Conclusion： Reading distance and reading time are related factors that regulate the amount of accommodative reaction and accommodative lag,which may be associated with the development of juvenile myopia. To control the reading distance is the key method for the children＇s myopia prevention.
出处
《川北医学院学报》
CAS
2017年第1期33-37,共5页
Journal of North Sichuan Medical College
基金
国家自然科学青年基金项目(81402695)
关键词
屈光不正
调节需求
调节反应
调节滞后
离焦
Ametropia
Accommodative demand
Accommodative response
Accommodative lag
Defocus
