摘要
本文旨在探讨急性偏热环境温度对肉鸡行为、生理、血清生化指标和禽类解偶联蛋白(av UCP)mRNA表达量的影响。试验选取100只26日龄、体重(1 635±123)g的爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,随机分成5个组(20、23、26、29、32℃组),每个组20只鸡(公母各占1/2)。肉鸡适应期为7 d,温度为20℃,相对湿度为60%。在34日龄,环控舱温度在1 h内分别调整到20、23、26、29、32℃,相对湿度为60%,维持设定温度2 h。结果表明:1)与20℃组相比,29和32℃组肉鸡的采食次数显著降低(P<0.05),23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡的饮水次数无显著差异(P>0.05),23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡的站立次数显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与20℃组相比,26、29、32℃组肉鸡坐着休息次数显著降低(P<0.05),23、26、32℃组肉鸡伸展休息次数显著升高(P<0.05),29、32℃组肉鸡俯伏休息次数显著升高(P<0.05))。3)与20℃组相比,26、29、32℃组肉鸡体核温度、呼吸频率显著升高(P<0.05),23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡鸡冠皮温、耳垂皮温、小腿皮温、脚蹼皮温显著升高(P<0.05),26、29、32℃组肉鸡眼睑皮温显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与20℃组相比,29、32℃组肉鸡血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著降低(P<0.05),26、29、32℃组肉鸡血清甘油三酯(TG)含量显著降低(P<0.05),23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡血清总胆固醇(TC)含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。5)与20℃组相比,23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡胸肌av UCP mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05),32℃组肉鸡肝脏av UCP mRNA表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。由此可见,急性偏热处理2 h,23℃时肉鸡就已启动化学调节,26℃时体核温度升高。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of acute moderate ambient temperatures on be- havior, physiology, serum biochemical indices and avian uncoupling protein （avUCP） mRNA expression of broilers. One hundred 26-day-old Arbor Acres （AA） broilers were allotted into five environment chambers （20, 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups）, and each chamber contained one cage with twenty birds （with ten males and ten females）. The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and broilers were kept at 21 ℃ and 60% relative humid- ity. When broilers were 34-day-old, the temperature of five environment chambers were regulated to 20, 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃ within one hour, respectively, while maintaining the relative humidity at 60% and both kept 2 hour. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） compared with the 20 ℃ group, the feeding frequency of broilers in 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly reduced （P〈0.05）, the drinking frequency of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）, and the standing frequency of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly reduced （P〈0.05）. 2） Compared with the 20 ℃ group, the sitting rest- ing frequency of broilers in 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly reduced （P〈0.05）, the stretching rest- ing frequency of broilers in 23, 26 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly reduced （P〈0.05） , and the prostrating resting frequency of broilers in 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly increased （P〈0.05）. 3） Compared with the 20 ℃ group, the core body temperature and respiratory frequency of broilers in 26, 29 and 32 ℃ were sig- nificantly increased （P〈0.05）, the skin temperature of comb, earlobe, leg and flipper of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly increased （P〈0.05）, and the eyelid skin temperature of broilers in 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly increased （P〈0.05）. 4） Compared with the 20 ℃ group, the serum glucose （GLU） content of broilers in 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, and the ser- um triglyceride （TG） content of broilers in 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups had significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, the serum total cholesterol （TC） content of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups was no significant differ- ence （P〉0.05）. 5） Compared with the 20 ℃ group, the avUCP mRNA expression in pectoral of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃ groups was significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, while the avUCP mRNA expression in liver of broilers in 32 ℃ group was significantly increased （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, acute moderate tempera- tures 2 h, broilers start chemical regulation at 23 ℃, and increase core body temperature at 26 ℃.
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期776-785,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题“畜禽健康养殖环境控制关键技术研究与集成”(2012BAD39B02)
国家重点“十三五”研发计划课题“肉禽舒适环境的适宜参数及限值研究”(2016YFD0500509)
中国农业科学院科技创新团队项目(ASTIP-IAS07)
关键词
急性偏热环境温度
肉鸡
行为
禽类解偶联蛋白
acute moderate ambient temperature
broilers
behavior
avian uncoupling protein
