摘要
为了完善滇西热带森林生态系统蚂蚁多样性研究,采用样地和搜索调查法对云南铜壁关自然保护区及邻近地区的蚂蚁群落开展调查,测定分析了该区域蚂蚁的多样性,结果表明:云南铜壁关自然保护区及邻近地区共记录蚂蚁10亚科、49属、130种;22块样地蚂蚁群落主要指标为,物种数目0~39种(平均17.6种),个体密度0.0~525.2头/m^2(平均109.2头/m^2),多样性指数0.000 0~2.629 2(平均1.535 5),均匀度指数0.362 7~0.772 3(平均0.544 6),优势度指数0.101 8~1.000 0(平均0.322 6)。蚂蚁群落间相似性系数为0.000 0~0.307 7,处于相似性极差至较差水平。蚂蚁多样性主要指标在底域效应基础上呈现出多域效应现象,表现为山体垂直带上北热带、南亚热带和中亚热带物种的聚集群,具有不同的保护价值。纬度和海拔共同影响蚂蚁物种的丰富度和多样性,低纬度和低海拔区域栖息着更多的蚂蚁物种,随着纬度和海拔升高,蚂蚁物种丰富度和多样性降低。铜壁关自然保护区及邻近地区山体中、下部蚂蚁群落普遍受到人为深度干扰,在保护工作中应当作为重点。
In order to get better understanding of the ant diversity of tropical forest ecosystem in western Yunnan, the ant diversity in Tongbiguan Natural Reserve and adjacent area is measured through sample-plot method. The results show that 130 species belonging to 49 genera and 10 subfamilies are recorded. Main indices of ant communities from 22 sample plots are as follow, species number 0-39 （average 17.6）, individual density 0.0-525.2 heads/m2 （average 109.2 heads/m2）, diversity index 0.0000-2.6292 （average 1.5355）, evenness index 0.3627-0.7723 （average 0.5446）, dominant index 0.1018-1.0000 （average 0.3226）. Similarity coefficients between ant communities are 0.0000-0.3077, which represent extremely dissimilar to moderately dissimilar level. We conclude that main indices of ant communities express multi-domain effect phenomena on the base-domain effect background, which indicates that there are assemblages of north tropical, south subtropical and middle subtropical ant species distributes on the vertical band of the mountain. These assemblages of ant species have different conservation value. Ant species richness and diversity are commonly influenced by latitude and altitude. There are more ant species lives in the low latitude and altitude area, as the latitude and altitude increasing, ant species richness and diversity decrease. Ant communities on the middle and low section of the mountains at Tongbiguan Nature Reserve and adjacent area are commonly deeply disturbed by human activity, which need pay sufficient attention in conservation.
出处
《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第2期135-141,共7页
Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31260521)资助
关键词
蚁科
物种多样性
群落相似性
多域效应
铜壁关
自然保护区
Formicidae
species diversity
community similarity
multidomain effect
Tongbiguan
Nature Reserve
