摘要
Safeners are an important tool used to ensure the safe using of herbicide. This research was conducted to determine the effects of nicosulfuron alone and in combination with herbicide safeners on waxy maize （Zea mays L. var. ceratina Kulesh） injury, as well as on barnyard grass （Echinochioa crus-galli） and large crabgrass control （Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop）. Whole-plant experiments were conducted under laboratory condition, by using post emergence treatment with safeners and nicosulfuron. The results showed that the herbicide safeners isoxadifen-ethyl （IE） and cyprosulfamide （CS） were more effective in reducing waxy maize injury from nicosulfuron than fenchlorazole-ethyl （FE）, cloquintocet-mexyl （CM） and mefenpyr-diethyl （MD）. Whole-plant dose-response experiments showed that nicosulfuron in combination with IE or CS increased its herbicidal activities against barnyard grass and large crabgrass. To confirm the result, a mixture of IE or CS and nicosulfuron were sprayed on waxy maize in the field, by using a backpack plot sprayer with a flat-fan nozzle. The mixture led to lower phytotoxicity than nicosulfuron alone. The mixture tested did not affect the maize grain weight. The results showed that IE and CS could enhance crop safety and extend the use of nicosulfuron on waxy maize.
