摘要
代谢工程通过改造微生物代谢过程,进而利用微生物生产各种有用的医药、化学产品及工业原料.本文从细胞代谢中碳代谢流的角度入手,将代谢工程的传统与新型策略进行分类解析.其中,传统代谢工程手段主要对目标代谢路径的关键酶进行改造,通过过表达或基因敲除增大目的代谢路径碳代谢流.然而,在代谢路径改造需要进行多基因表达的情况下,传统手段在如何最佳表达多种酶使碳流通畅上会受到很大限制.本文提出利用高碳流路径,通过简单基因改造以获得高效目标产物生产的新策略.同时,随着合成生物学与系统生物学的发展,精细调控多基因表达成为可能.本文进一步举例讨论了代谢工程中粗略与精细调控基因表达水平对碳流的影响,以期对教学与前沿科研有助.
Metabolic engineering can alter metabolic processes through genetic manipulation and enzyme engineering. Metabolic engineering is widely used to produce useful compounds in pharmaceutical and chemical industries. In this context, we recategorize metabolic engineering strategies based on carbon flux. Traditional metabolic engineering strategy focuses on overexpressing or knocking out key enzymes to channel carbon flux toward the end product. However, this traditional strategy is limited when multiple bottleneck genes are involved, in which balancing gene expression often determines the efficiency of carbon flux. Here we summerize several recent research, and show the advantage of utilizing high-flux metabolic pathways as a new strategy to achieve high productivity. In addition, we also discuss the importance of fine-tuning gene expression in metabolic engineering to channel carbon flux more efficiently.
作者
郑艺
王志鹏
王鑫
黄炎和
林金石
ZHENG Yi WANG A. Zhipeng WANG Xin HUANG YanHe LIN JinShi(College of Resources and Environment, Fijian Agriculture And Forestry University, Fujian 350002 Department of Chemistry, Texas A＆M University, College Station TX 77840, USA Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A＆M University, College Station TX 77843 China, USA)
出处
《中国科学：生命科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期262-270,共9页
Scientia Sinica(Vitae)
基金
国家科学支撑计划(批准号:2014BAD15B0303)
福建省自然科学基金(批准号:2015J01156)资助
关键词
代谢工程
碳流
微生物
生物能源
metabolic engineering
carbon flux
microbiology
biofuel
