摘要
目的分析天津市不同水碘地区儿童与孕妇碘营养情况,为碘缺乏病防治提供科学依据。方法在全市17个碘缺乏地区和1个高水碘地区,每个地区按东、西、南、北、中划分5个片区,在每个片区抽取20~40名儿童和12~20名孕妇,采集其家庭食用盐和尿样。采用直接滴定法测量食用盐碘含量,采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘水平,同时采用B超法检测儿童甲状腺肿大情况。结果碘缺乏地区儿童和孕妇合格碘盐食用率分别为76.94%和80.33%,盐碘中位数分别为27.50 mg/kg和28.20 mg/kg。高水碘地区儿童和孕妇家庭食用盐中非碘盐覆盖率为84.00%和81.36%。碘缺乏地区和高水碘地区儿童尿碘中位数分别为169.81μg/L和484.00μg/L,存在统计学差异(Z=13.102,P=0.000),两地区儿童甲状腺肿大率无统计学差异(χ~2=0.437,P=0.509)。碘缺乏地区和高水碘地区孕妇尿碘中位数分别为152.00μg/L和271.00μg/L,存在统计学差异(Z=2.942,P=0.000)。结论天津市碘缺乏地区儿童和孕妇碘营养整体处于适宜水平。高水碘地区儿童碘营养过量,但孕妇碘营养充足。今后应继续推行因地制宜、分类指导和科学补碘的防控策略。
Objective To study the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in different water iodine areas in Tianjin,and to provide scientific support for controlling diseases.Methods 17 regions and 1 region were selected in iodine deficiency areas and high iodine areas in Tianjin.Each region according to the East,West,South and North,divided into 5 sampling areas,and then collected salt and urine of 20-40 children and 12-20 pregnant women.Salt iodine was measured with direct titration method.Urinary iodine was detected with cerium catalytic spectrophotometry,while the goiter cases detected with ultrasound.Results The edible rate of qualified iodized salt of children and pregnant women in iodine deficiency areas were 76.94% and 80.33%.Median salt iodine of children and pregnant women in iodine deficiency areaswere 27.50 mg/kg and 28.20 mg/kg.Noniodized salt coverage rate of children and pregnant women in high water iodine area were 84.00% and 81.36%.The median urinary iodine of children in iodine deficiency area was 169.81 μg/L and that of high water iodine area was 484.00 μg/L.There were significant differences between them（Z=13.102,P=0.000）.There was no significant difference in the goiter rate of two areas（χ~2=0.437,P=0.509）.The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in iodine deficiency area（152.00μg/L） was lower than that in high water iodine area（271.00μg/L）（Z=2.942,P=0.000）.Conclusion The iodine nutrition in children and pregnant women were suitable in iodine deficiency areas.The iodine nutrition of children in high water iodine was excess,but sufficient for pregnant women.Iodine supplementation had better be conducted according to local conditions and based on scientific policy.
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2017年第2期28-31,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
天津市卫生局科技基金重点项目(2014KR11)
天津市疾病预防控制中心科技基金(CDCKY1501)
关键词
儿童
孕妇
盐碘
尿碘
甲状腺
Children
Pregnant women
Salt iodine
Urinary iodine
Goiter
