摘要
土壤蒸发是陆面水文循环中最重要的水文过程之一,开展森林土壤蒸发研究是提高植被水分利用的基础。文中利用小型蒸渗仪,对苔藓覆盖下土壤蒸发进行了对比试验。结果表明:苔藓覆盖林地的平均日蒸发量为0.706mm,无苔藓覆盖林地的平均日蒸发量为0.816mm,苔藓覆盖林地土壤日蒸发量波动幅度较小,更能有效抑制土壤水分蒸发。在试验观测期内,苔藓覆盖林地的日均蒸发量比无苔藓覆盖林地减少了10.76%,苔藓覆盖林地比无苔藓覆盖林地有效涵养水源多达45.63mm,占总降水量的12.76%。不同地被覆盖下土壤含水量进行方差分析(P<0.01),青海云杉林内有无苔藓覆盖可极显著影响土壤含水量。
Soil evaporation is a most important process of hydrologic cycle on the land surface. Study of soil evaporation in forests is the basis for helping vegetation to make better use of water. Soil moisture and evaporation of Qilian Mountains spruce forest were studied. The research took advantage of a small barrel-style micro-lysimeter to make an observation and experiment in terms of the soil evaporation covered by different vegetation in the area of Qinghai spruce forest,which is located at the Xishui forest zone,the middle part of Qilian Mountains.Besides,the influence of moss and litter on the soil evaporation was researched,and also the relationships between the moss,litter and precipitation,the soil moisture content,and air temperature were analyzed. The range of moisture evaporation from the soil covered by moss was smaller than the soil by the litter. The average moisture evaporation each day from the soil covered by moss was 0. 706 mm,while that of the soil covered by the litter was0. 816 mm. That means the moss plays a better role than the litter on protecting the soil from evaporation of water. Compared with the soil covered with litter,the soil covered by the moss reduced 10. 76% more of the soil evaporation each day,and effectively made 45. 63 mm more of the water conservation,which accounted for 12.76% of the total precipitation.
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期131-135,共5页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31360201
91225302
91425301)资助
关键词
祁连山
青海云杉林
苔藓
土壤蒸发
Qilian mountains
Picea crassifolia
mosses
soil evaporation
