摘要
目的评价医疗卫生机构结核感染控制相关措施落实情况，了解我国结核感染控制状况，为制定结核感染控制相关政策和措施，有针对性地开展相关工作提供参考。方法采用目的抽样，在我国东中西部各选4省，共12个省，并在其中选择241家医疗卫生机构作为研究现场；依据《中国结核病感染预防控制手册》和《中国结核感染控制标准操作程序》，设计了《结核病防治机构结核感染控制调查表》，对各机构结核感染控制工作开展情况进行调查分析。结果241家医疗卫生机构中，制定结核感染控制相关规章制度和建立结核病转诊机制的机构数分别占80．1％（193／241）和89．6％（216／241）。仅有24．5％（59／241）的机构落实了感染控制工作经费，仅33．2％（80／241）的机构对其工作场所布局设计进行过感染控制评价。安排有咳嗽症状的排队候诊者到单独的候诊区候诊的机构仅占48．1％（116／241），仅29．9％（72／241）的机构采取相关措施缩短肺结核患者在机构内的停留时间。在212家设有结核门诊和99家设有结核病房的机构中，结核门诊和病房设有机械通风装置的机构数分别占43．9％（93／212）和40．4％（40／99）。收集痰标本和结核门诊的医务人员佩戴医用防护口罩（N95）的比率分别为66．4％（160／241）和66．5％（141／212），能够对佩戴医用防护口罩（N95）定期进行适合性试验的机构数仅占13．7％（33／241）。结论我国医疗卫生机构结核感染控制工作经费投入不足，相关控制措施落实力度不够，需加强结核感染控制监控与评价、分区候诊就诊、通风消毒、医务人员医用防护口罩佩戴等工作。
Objective To evaluate the implementation situation of tuberculosis （TB） infection control measures in the health institutions, in order to understand the status of TB infection control in China and to provide reference for making relevant policies and measures. Methods Four provinces in the eastern, central and western regions of China respectively were selected by the purposive sampling. And a total of 241 health institutions in 12 provinces were chosen as research site. ＂ TB infectiom control questionnaire for TB preventive and control institution＂ was designed according to the ＂Chinese TB infection prevention and control manual＂ and ＂Chinese TB infection control standard operating procedures ＂. The situation of TB infection control was investigated by the questionnaire. Results Among the 241 health institutions, 80. 1% （193/241） and 89.6% （216/241） of the institutions respec tively had TB infection control regulations and TB referral mechanism. Only 24.5 % （59/241） of institutions had the special funds for TB infection control. Only 33.2% （80/241） of institutions had evaluated the layout design for TB infection control. Only 48.1% （116/241） of institutions arranged the patients with cough symptoms to separate waiting area. Only 29.9% （72/241） of the institutions took relevant measures to shorten the time of TB patients staying in the institutions. 43.9% （93/212） and 40. 4% （40/99） of the institutions had mechanical ventilation devices in 212 health institutions with TB outpatient and 99 health institutions with TB ward respectively. The propor tion of the health care workers who wore medical protective masks （N95） when they collected sputum specimens and worked in TB outpatient was 66.4% （160/241） and 66.5%o （141/212） respectively. And only 13.7% （33/241） of the institutions could implement fit-test regularly for the medical protective masks （N95）. Conclusion The investment of TB infection control in health institutions was inadequate, and the relevant control measures was not implemented well in China. It was needed to enhance the monitoring and evaluation of TB infection control in partition of waiting and visiting, ventilation and disinfection, and medical protective masks （N95） for health care workders, and so on.
出处
《中国防痨杂志》
CAS
2017年第4期414-419,共6页
Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis
关键词
卫生系统机构
门诊医疗设施
结核
感染控制
抽样研究
数据说明
统计
Health systems agencies
Ambulatory care facilities
Tuberculosis
Infection control
Sampling studies
Data interpretation, statistical
