摘要
青稞是禾本科大麦属的一种禾谷类作物,主要产自中国西藏、青海、四川、云南等地。为选育出适应我国西部高原地区种植的耐贫瘠并高产的青稞品种,本研究以370份青稞品种为材料,以Hoagland营养液为介质,对2叶期的青稞幼苗进行缺氮和对照2组处理试验,通过对不同处理下青稞幼苗的株高变化量和地上生物量(鲜质量、干质量)对缺氮的响应进行分析,并通过对丙二醛含量和氧化物酶活性测定对初选品种进行鉴定。结果表明:1)缺氮胁迫对不同青稞品种的生长影响存在显著性差异,筛选出耐贫瘠品种13份(北青3号、藏0814、ZYM0963、ZYM1099、藏0284、喜拉19号、藏0225、ZYM0762、藏0861、ZDM07610、藏1312、藏1265、WDM03955),不耐贫瘠品种14份(ZYM0303、WDM00496、WDM03703、ZDM04162、藏0234、ZYM0977、北青2号、拉萨紫青稞、甘农大7号、康青6号、ZDM08841、藏1405、ZDM08193、ZDM09826)。2)青稞通过改变POD、CAT、APX活性适应逆境以减少缺氮胁迫的伤害。对缺氮胁迫不敏感的品种,其应答主要依靠POD和APX活性增加,对缺氮胁迫敏感的品种,其应答主要依靠APX和CAT活性的增加,二者共同起主导作用使青稞适应缺氮逆境。
Hulless barley, a cereal crop belonging to the genus Hordeum, is mainly produced in Tibet, Qinghai Province, Sichuan Province, Yunnan Province, and other plateau areas in China. It is a staple food of the Tibetan people, and it also has great medicinal value. Because of the barren soils of the western areas in China, it is important to select or breed a series of barley varieties that can adapt to the barren environment in the plateau. In this research, using Hoagland nutrient solution as the basic medium, 370 hulless barley varieties were cultivated in both normal and nitrogen-deficient Hoagland nutrient solutions. Their tolerance to nitrogen deficiency stress was assessed based on the following parameters: plant height, root length, growth of shoot and root, and fresh weight and dry weight of above-ground biomass. This comprehensive plant growth assay identified 13 varieties with barren tolerance(BEIQING3, Z0814, ZYM0963, ZYM1099, Z0284, XILA19, Z0225, ZYM0762, Z0861, ZDM07610, Z1312, Z1265, WDM03955),and 14 varieties without barren tolerance(ZYM0303, WDM00496, WDM03703, ZDM04162, Z0234, ZYM0977, BEIQING2, LHASA PURPLE, GANSU NONGDA7, KANGQING6, ZDM08841, Z1405, ZDM08193, and ZDM09826). The tested varieties were also examined for their physiological and biochemical properties. In response to nitrogen deficiency, hulless barley varieties were shown to up-regulate the activities of the enzymes POD, CAT, and APX, thereby reducing the damage caused by the stress. Specifically, the varieties without barren tolerance showed increases in the activities of POD and APX, whereas those with barren resistance mainly enhanced the activities of APX and CAT. All these enzymes act concertedly to contribute to the tolerance to nitrogen deficiency in hulless barley varieties, thereby enhancing their adaptability to the barren environment.
出处
《大麦与谷类科学》
2017年第2期1-9,共9页
Barley and Cereal Sciences
基金
西藏财政专项(2015CZZX001)
国家重点实验室科研专项(Z2016D03G01)
国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD30B01)
关键词
青稞
氮胁迫
生理特性
种质资源
筛选
Hulless barley
Nitrogen deficiency stress
Physiological characteristics
Germplasm resources
Variety selection
