摘要
目的:考察大学生身体锻炼与自我效能感、心理健康水平三者之间的关系,探讨自我效能感在大学生身体锻炼对心理健康影响中的中介作用。方法:采用随机抽样方法在某大学抽取在校本科生,使用身体锻炼等级量表(PARS-3)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对346名大学生进行调查,使用描述性统计、t检验、方差分析、相关分析、回归分析和中介效应检验处理数据。结果:大学生的自我效能感和心理健康水平在性别、年级、专业类别、是否独生子女和生源地等人口学因素上均无显著差异,但身体锻炼量存在性别和生源地上的差异:男性的身体锻炼量高于女性(t=3.92,P<0.01),城市学生的身体锻炼量高于农村学生(t=2.89,P<0.01);大锻炼量群体的自我效能感和心理健康水平都高于小锻炼量群体(t=7.83,8.15;P<0.001);身体锻炼量与自我效能感和心理健康水平三者间都存在显著的正相关(r=0.40,0.36,0.38;P<0.01);自我效能感在身体锻炼对心理健康的影响中起部分中介作用。结论:身体锻炼可以直接影响心理健康水平,也可以通过自我效能感间接影响心理健康水平。
Objective：To investigate the relationship among physical exercise,self—efficacy,and mental health of college students,and discuss the mediating effect of self—efficacy between physical exercise and mental health.Meth-ods：The mental tests were conducted among 346 college students,who were enrolled by using random sampling, with Physical Activity Rank Scale 3（PARS—3）,General Self Efficacy Scale（GSES）,and Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL—90）.The data analysis was done by using descriptive analysis,t—test,analysis of variance,correlation analy-sis,regression analysis,and mediating effect test.Results：For self—efficacy and mental health,there were no differ-ences between the groups with different gender,grade,major,numbers of sibling,and hometown.For the level of physical exercise,male students did more physical exercise than female students （t=3.92,P〈0.01 ）;Students coming from city did more physical exercise than students coming from countryside（t=2.89,P〈0.01）.The group who did more exercise had higher self—efficacy and mental health than the group who did less exercise（t=7.83, 8.15;P〈0.01）.There was significantly positive correlation between self—efficacy and mental health,mental health and physical exercise as well as physical exercise and self—efficacy（r=0.40,0.36,0.38;P〈0.01）.Self—efficacy played a partly mediating role between physical exercise and mental health.Conclusion：Physical exercise has a direct impact on mental health,and has an indirect impact on mental health through the influence of self—efficacy.
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2017年第5期763-766,共4页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
广西高等教育本科教学改革工程项目(编号:2016JGA113)
关键词
身体锻炼
自我效能感
心理健康
大学生
Physical exercise
Self—efficacy
Mental health
College students
