摘要
目的 探讨噎食风险评估及干预对住院＂三无＂精神病患者噎食防范的效果.方法 选择2012年7月至2016年6月住院的＂三无＂精神病患者共163例,其中2012年7月至2013年12月的56例为对照组,2014年1月至2016年6月的107例为干预组.对照组采用常规安全护理管理,干预组在此基础上采用噎食风险评估量表进行噎食风险评估,对达到噎食危险阈值的患者采取相应的噎食风险干预措施.比较2组患者噎食发生率和噎食的结局;对干预组有噎食风险的患者进行干预前后噎食风险级别及评分比较.结果 干预组和对照组噎食发生率分别为0.93%（1/107）、10.71%（6/56）;噎食的结局：对照组6例中痊愈2例,吸入性肺炎3例,死亡1例,干预组1例痊愈,无吸入性肺炎和死亡发生.2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.399、18.554,P〈0.01或0.05）.干预前干预组达到Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级噎食危险阈值的患者28.0%（30/107）,噎食风险评分秩均值为41.29,采取噎食风险干预措施后,分别为8.4%（9/107）和25.50,差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.231,P〈0.05;Z=7.511,P〈0.01）.结论 针对患者噎食风险评估情况采取相应的护理干预,可以减少和避免噎食意外的发生,有效地保障了住院＂三无＂精神病患者安全,提高了护理质量.
Objective To explore the effect evaluation of choking risk assessment and intervention on the choking prevention of homeless inpatients with psychiatricc. Methods Totally 163 homeless inpatients with psychiatric disorder were selected from July 2012 to June 2016, 56 cases from July 2012 to December 2013 were assigned to the control group, another 107 cases from January 2014 to June 2016 was set as the intervention group. The control group received routine nursing safety management, on the basis of it, the intervention group received choking risk assessment through choking risk assessment scales. To take choking risk intervention on the patients of reached choking danger threshold. The incidence of choking and choking ending were compared between the two groups and the choking risk levels and scores in the intervention group before and after intervention were also compared. Results The incidence of choking in the intervention group and the control group was 0.93%（1/107）and 10.71%（6/56）respectively. Choking ending： 2 heal, 3 aspiration pneumonia, 1 death of 6 cases in the control group and 1 case was cured, no death and aspiration pneumonia occurred in the intervention group, the statistical differences were significant （χ2=9.399,18.554, P 〈 0.01 or 0.05）. There were 28.0% （30/107） reached level Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ choking threshold in the intervention group and rank mean of choking risk scores were 41.29. After interventions were 8.4% （9/107） and 25.50 respectively, the statistical differences were significant （χ2=10.231, P〈0.05;Z=7.511, P〈0.01）. Conclusions The corresponding nursing intervention on the patients of choking risk can reduce and avoid choking accidents and protect the safety of homeless inpatients with psychiatric disorder effectively and improve the quality of care.
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
2017年第10期775-777,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
关键词
精神病
护理
无家可归者
噎食风险评估
Psychotic disorders
Nursing care
Homeless persons
Choking risk assessment
