摘要
为分析活立木心腐材积损失变化规律及材积与胸径的关系,利用Arbotom应力波测试仪对带岭凉水国家自然保护区内红松(Pinus koraiensis)、旱柳(Salix matsudana)、山杨(Populus davidiana)、水曲柳(Fraxinus mand-schurica Rupr.)等4种活立木不同高度处144个断面的腐朽状况进行检测,获取每个断面的树干直径和应力波断层图像。根据应力波断层成像,筛选出存在心腐的断面共78个,利用Envi 5.0最大似然法对心腐断面进行分类并计算断面腐朽面积,据此模拟出活立木内部腐朽的立体模型,然后通过分区段求材积法估算其腐朽材积。在此基础上,对活立木心腐材积变化规律及材积与胸径的关系进行统计分析。结果表明:活立木心腐面积随高度的增加呈递减趋势;活立木心腐材积与胸径之间存在显著的正相关性(R=0.618,P=0.000<0.01),胸径越大,活立木心腐材积比例也增大。
The volume of living trees mainly refers to the volume of the trunk. Volume calculation plays an important role in forestry production and management. Trunk decay affects forest health growth and finally causes the loss in tree volume. In this study, in order to analyze the change of the volume loss because of heart-rot （a kind of trunk decay） and the relationship between heart-rot volume of living trees and the diameter at breast height（DBH） in Liangshui National Nature Reserve Northeast China, 144 cross-sections at different height levels of sample trees, including Korean- pine （Pinus koraiensis）, willow （Salix matsudana）, aspen （Populus davidiana） and ash （Fraxinus mandschurica Rupr. ） standing trees, were selected to evaluate rotten condition by using the stress wave detector which is one of the most widely used stumpage non-destructive testing technologies. At the same time, the trunk diameter at different height levels and stress wave tomography were measured. Then, according to the stress wave tomography, 72 cross-sections were screened out for the analysis of the presence of heart rot. Aimed at the heart rot area of cross-sections we screened, the Maximum Likelihood Method of Envi 5.0, a kind of supervised classification method with higher precision, was used to classify the stress wave tomography. Then, three-dimensional of standing trees was simulated by CAD, and the volume of timber was estimated by the segmented method of calculating volume, and the formula was 2 2 as follow： Vi,i＋1 =π/12（di^2 ＋didi＋1 ＋di＋1^2 ）hi. Based on these results, the statistic method was used to analyze the change of the volume loss because of the heart-rot and the relationship between heart-rot volume of living trees and the DBH. The results showed that：1 ）with the increase in height, the heart-rot area showed the decline tendency; 2） proportion of internal heart-rot volume of standing trees significantly correlated with DBH （ R = 0. 618, P = 0. 000 〈 0. 01 ）, and with the increase in DBH, the proportion of heart-rot volume also showed a trend of increase gradually.
出处
《林业工程学报》
北大核心
2017年第3期150-155,共6页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
中央高校基本科研业务专项项目(2572015CB03)
黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目(C201410)
国家自然科学基金(31300474)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2014M551203)
关键词
应力波检测仪
活立木
心腐
材积
stress wave detector
standing trees
heart rot
volume of timber
