摘要
美德伦理指生活在某一特殊道德文化共同体中的个人,在承诺并实践其独特的"特性角色"过程中所获得的卓越成就及其展示的优异品质。传统美德伦理在当代遭遇挑战,主要表现为:(1)现代社会的结构化转型所带来的日趋公共化趋势,动摇了传统美德伦理赖以存在的社会根基。(2)现代社会普遍平等的价值导向冲击甚至否定了美德伦理自身所内含的价值等级秩序与精英主义美德价值理想。(3)现代社会日趋强烈的平面化、格式化、标准化需求,对传统美德伦理追求卓越的价值导向提出的挑战。(4)日趋强劲的社会分层流动、结构开放和文化反传统等趋势,使传统美德伦理的根基大大削弱。(5)社会发展的日趋技术化导致现代社会对技术的依赖越来越大,对文化的、隐性的软实力越来越缺少信赖。传统美德伦理在当代的境遇并不意味着我们因此必定会对其失去信心;传统美德伦理在现代社会中依然有生机:第一,结构性转型导致现代社会缺乏足够的中层和基层的生活发展空间,因此必然要大力建构中层和基层的生活世界,传统美德伦理会因此而重获生机。第二,传统美德伦理有其不可替代的特性,只要人之为人并保持人性和人道,传统美德伦理的作用就不可替代。第三,现代社会的道德平面化呼唤道德精英和道德理想主义的引领。
Virtue ethics refer to the excellent attainments with their outstanding characteristics achieved by the individuals who,living in a given ethical community,are committed to playing their'unique role'.Traditional virtue ethics,being challenged in modern times though,still have their reason to exist:First,there is still room big enough for virtue ethics to flourish,even though modern society has to re-set up its middle and lower levels as the very basis,upon which its micro-structure or universalized formatting can be implemented and carried out in our everyday life.Then,traditional virtue ethics are irreplaceable.As long as we are human and keep our humanity alive,and our social life peaceful,traditional virtue ethics will never be discarded.And finally,ethics of modern society cease to be stratified,and stay on an ordinary level,and this unfortunate situation cries for ethical elites with their ethical idealism to take the lead in turning the ordinary into the sublime.
出处
《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期137-146,共10页
Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)
