摘要
高标准基本农田建设是实现耕地数量管控、质量管理和生态管护的重要手段。为探究方便高标准基本农田建设决策及实施的以行政村为决策单元的耕地质量评价和建设分区方法,该文以曲周县土地综合整治项目区为例,构建基于区域最优耕地质量水平的村域耕地质量均匀度评价模型并基于新的耕地质量观从地力质量、工程质量、空间质量、生态环境质量和美学质量5个方面构建村域耕地质量均匀度评价指标体系,通过对各指标分级赋值、加权求和计算村域耕地质量均匀度,分析区域耕地质量差异及障碍因素指标限制性,按照先易后难的原则进行高标准基本农田建设时序分区。结果显示:项目区各行政村耕地质量均匀度值处于7.03~22.40之间,行政村之间差异明显;项目区限制性较强的障碍因素多为中等和低改造难度指标,局部存在高改造难度指标。将项目区划分为重点建设区(710.11 hm^2)、次级建设区(2 199.04 hm^2)、一般建设区(975.47hm^2)和有条件建设区(1101.07 hm^2)4部分,建设难度由易到难;评价模型和指标体系可以满足对村域耕地质量的评价和障碍因素诊断,可方便后续建设决策,该研究可以为高标准基本农田建设实践作参考,为相关研究提供新的思路和方法。
As an important component of the land consolidation, high standard farmland construction is the important means to protect the quantity, quality and ecological environment of cultivated land, and its target not only lies in the increase of cultivated land＇s quantity, but also the improvement of cultivated land＇s quality, agricultural production conditions and ecosystem environments. Through this paper we tried to explore the method of cultivated land evaluation and construction zoning to facilitate the process of decision and implementation for high standard farmland construction. The land comprehensive improvement project area in Quzhou County was taken as a case study. The whole process of the study was made up of 3 steps： 1） Establishing the evaluation model of cultivated land quality uniformity based on regional optimum cultivated land quality, and constructing the uniformity evaluation index system of cultivated land quality from the aspects of soil quality, engineering quality, space quality, ecological environment quality and aesthetic quality according to the new concept of cultivated land quality; 2） calculating the cultivated land quality uniformity through grading indicators, assigning score and weighting sum; 3） carrying out high standard farmland construction time sequence partition according to the principle of easy first and difficult afterwards through analyzing regional cultivated land quality difference and obstacle factor index restriction. The results showed that the value of farmland quality uniformity of the administrative villages in the project area was between 7.03 and 22.40, and there was obvious difference between various administrative villages. Through the natural breaks method, the quality uniformity of cultivated land in the project area was divided into 3 levels. In detail, the high-level area included 8 administrative villages, and the cultivated area accounted for 20.98% of the total area of cultivated land in the project area; the plots of cultivated land in each administrative village were of high quality, and at the same time similar with the optimal quality level in the area. The middle-level area included 21 administrative villages and the low-level included 17, the cultivated area of which accounted for 48.59% and 30.44% of the total cultivated land area respectively. The plots of cultivated land were of medium and poor quality respectively, and the difference was comparatively large compared to the optimal quality level in the area. The most restrictive factors in the project area were the indicators with medium and low transformation difficulty, including soil organic matter content, forest density, field regularity and scale of field, and there were also the indicators with high transformation difficulty in some areas, such as sectional configuration. The project area was divided into 4 time sequence partitions including the major construction area, the secondary construction area, the general construction area and the conditional construction area, and the construction difficulty of these 4 areas was from easy to difficult; the cultivated land area of each subarea was 710.11, 2 199.04, 975.47 and 1 101.07 hm2, accounting for 14.24%, 44.11%, 19.57% and 22.08% of the total project area respectively. The evaluation model and index system can satisfy the requirements for the evaluation of the farmland quality and the diagnosis of obstacle factors to facilitate the subsequent construction decision. The study can be a reference for the practice of high standard farmland construction, and provide new ideas and methods for related research.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第9期250-259,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD06B01)
关键词
土地利用
分区
建设
高标准基本农田
耕地质量均匀度
障碍因素
曲周县
land use
zoning
construction
high standard farmland
cultivated land quality uniformity
obstacle factor
Quzhou County
