摘要
为研究硅烷偶联剂KH550、聚硫橡胶(PR)对负压渗水材料聚乙烯醇缩甲醛泡沫塑料(PVFM)性能的影响,以聚乙烯醇、甲醛为原料,盐酸为催化剂,制备一系列改性PVFM,并测试其形貌、渗水性和力学性能等。结果表明,KH550改性PVFM可提高其饱和导水率,PR则表现相反;2种改性PVFM在-5kPa下累计入渗量比未改性PVFM少,且均随用量增加而降低;2种改性剂均对PVFM发泡点有较大程度提升;2%KH550样品密度降低43.5%,1.5%KH550样品硬度提升64.6%;5%PR改性PVFM硬度达最大值71,PR改性PVFM断裂伸长率提升29.7%~46.7%;KH550改性的PVFM孔径增大,弯曲度更简单,导致硬度减小、导水率增大;PR改性PVFM立体网状结构更致密,加之-SH疏水基团增加,导致PVFM输水能力、负压渗水性降低。综合考虑,建议使用5.0%PR改性PVFM可改善PVFM负压渗水性能与力学性能,提高其工作稳定性。
To reveal the effect of silane coupling agent KH550 and polysulfide rubber（PR） on the properties of negative-pressured porous material-PVFM, a series of samples compound of polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）, formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid were modified. The morphology, water permeability and mechanical property were investigated. The results show that the saturated hydraulic conductivity of polyvinyl formal （PVFM） samples modified by KH550 is higher than that of the unmodified ones, but samples modified by PR show reveres variations. The cumulative infiltration of modified PVFM is lower under -5 kPa irrigated conditions, and it could be reduced with the increasing of modifying agent. There is a significant rise in blow point with adding two kinds of modifying agents. The density of modified samples with 2% KH550 reduces 43.5%. Samples modified with 1.5% KH550 have 64.6% rise in Shore hardness, and it is 71 with 5%PR. Polysulfide rubber can effectively improve the elongation at break of PVFM by 29.7%～46.7%. The bumpy and uneven surface of modified samples with KH550 is embeded with tiny holes and cracks, which can result in decrease of hardness and promotion of hydraulic conductivity. The three-dimensional network of samples modified with PR is more compact. It leads to diminution of pore diameter internal and increase of curvature. Coupled with increase of hydrophobic grouping （-SH）, the water-carrying capacity and cumulative infiltration under negative-irrigation conditions are reducing. It is suggested to use 5.0% PR to modify PVFM, which could improve water permeability and mechanical property of PVFM to enhance stability of negative-pressured seepage device.
出处
《高分子材料科学与工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期105-112,共8页
Polymer Materials Science & Engineering
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA102901)
关键词
负压渗水器
聚乙烯醇缩甲醛
硅烷偶联剂
聚硫橡胶
改性
negative-pressured seepage device
polyvinyl formal
silane coupling agent
polysulfide rubber
modification
