摘要
以梵净山世界自然遗产提名地及缓冲区为研究对象,实地调研其22个行政村环境现状,采用流失系数法、排泄系数法、人均产污系数法,核算研究区化肥施用、畜禽养殖、居民生活排污3种污染源的污染负荷量和污染贡献率,分析梵净山世界自然遗产提名地及缓冲区社区环境污染情况,以期为提名地自然环境潜在威胁分析和遗产价值保护提供参考。结果表明:研究区3种污染源产生的COD、NH_3-N、TN、TP负荷量分别为782.70t/a、88.65t/a、192.84t/a和39.06t/a,按污染负荷量排序呈现COD>TN>NH_3-N>TP的特征。提名地污染负荷量远小于缓冲区污染负荷量。研究区22个村中,桃花源村、寨抱村、梵净山村污染负荷相对较大。研究区各污染源排污负荷量大小排序为畜禽养殖>居民生活>化肥,畜禽养殖为研究区最大污染源,提名地化肥施用产生的污染也不容忽视。为减轻梵净山自然遗产提名地环境面临的威胁,提出调整社区产业结构、完善环保基础设施、控制农业种养殖排污、加强环境监测4个方面的建议。
Taking Fanjingshan world natural heritage nominated property and its buffer zone as the research object. Survey the environment present situation of the 22 villages by field research. And calcu- late the pollution load and its contribution rate from the 3 kinds of pollution sources of chemical fertilizers using, livestock breeding and rural life by the methods, including loss coefficient method, excretion coefficient method, pollution produced per capita coefficient method. Analysis the community en- vironmental pollution situation of the nominated property and it buffer zone, forward to provide a refer- ence for the potential environmental threat analysis and heritage value protection. Results show that： The pollution loads of COD, NH3 - N, TN and TP produced by 3 kinds of pollution sources in the study area are 782.70t/a, 88.65t/a, 192.84t/a and 39.06t/a, respectively. According to the sort of pollution load, the characteristic is COD 〉 TN 〉 NH3 - N 〉 TP. And the pollution load of the nominated property is smaller than that of the buffer zone. In 22 villages of the study area, the pollution load of the village, Taohuayuan, Zhaibao, Fanjingshan is relatively larger. Pollutant discharge load of vari- ous pollution sources in the study area are livestock breeding 〉 rural life 〉 chemical fertilizers, and livestock breeding as the largest pollution source in the study area. However, the pollution caused by the chemical fertilizer should not be ignored. For mitigate the threats of Fanjingshan nominated property environment, suggestions put forward from four aspects： adjusting the industrial structure, improving the environmental protection infrastructure, controlling the agricultural cultivation and aquaculture sew- age, and strengthen environmental monitoring.
出处
《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2017年第3期22-30,共9页
Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences
基金
国家世界自然遗产申报保护项目(20140505)
贵州省科技计划重点课题(黔科合SY[2015]3052号)
关键词
世界自然遗产
梵净山
社区环境
污染负荷
world natural heritage nominated property, Fanjingshan, community environment, pollution load
