摘要
为探讨蝗虫与其生境变化间的关系,给黄土高原生态恢复和蝗虫生态治理提供理论依据。通过调查延安黄土丘陵沟壑区4种不同生态恢复类型中蝗虫种类及数量,并计算分析其生态位宽度指数和生态位重叠指数,结果表明:共采集蝗虫3396头,隶属于6科15属30种,其中短额负蝗为本区生态恢复中的蝗虫优势种;蝗虫数量以自然恢复草地中最高(35.81%),人工恢复林地和人工恢复草地中次之(32.13%、20.64%),农田中最低(11.42%);生态位宽度以蒙古束颈蝗(1.0000)、疣蝗(0.898 6)、黄胫小车蝗(0.880 6)和短额负蝗(0.860 9)4种蝗虫为最大,是本区具有较强竞争力的泛化种;各级生态位重叠度均有存在,以较低和较高等级为主,表明本区蝗虫的竞争排斥作用并不强烈,资源利用性竞争相对较弱。
In order to explore the relationships between grasshoppers and their habitat changes, and provide the theo- retical basis for both ecological restoration and locust control of the loess plateau,the grasshopper species and quantity was investigated, and the niche breadth and niche overlap index were calculated and analyzed in four different types of ecological restoration from the loess hilly -gully region of Yan＇an. The results show that the 3396 grasshoppers collected belong to 6 families, 15 genera and 30 species. Of which Atractomorpha sinensis is the dominant species in this ecological restoration region. Grasshopper populations in natural recovery grass is the highest （35.81% ）, in artificial recovery woodland and grass are rank second （32.13% ,20.64% ） ,and in the farmland is the lowest （ 11.42% ）. Four species of Sphingonotus mongolicus, Trilophidia annalata, Oedaleus infernalis and Atractomorpha sinensis are the generalization of competitive species with the biggest of niche breadth index （ 1. 000 0,0. 898 6, 0. 880 6,0. 860 9） in this area. Niche overlap existed at all levels which mainly are the lower and higher levels, indicating that the grasshopper competitive exclusion is not strong, and the resource utilization competition is relatively weak.
出处
《延安大学学报（自然科学版）》
2017年第2期79-84,共6页
Journal of Yan'an University：Natural Science Edition
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2014JM3076)
陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(09JK824)
延安市科学技术研究发展计划项目(2009KS-20)
生态学陕西省重点学科专项资金建设项目
关键词
蝗虫
生态位
生态恢复
黄土丘陵沟壑区
Grasshoppers
niche
ecological restoration
loess hilly - gully region
