摘要
目的探讨精神分裂症患者肇事肇祸的影响因素及预防措施。方法收集2014年1月至2016年1月120例精神分裂症肇事肇祸患者作为观察组,选取同期120例精神分裂症非肇事肇祸患者作为对照组,比较两组患者的一般人口学特征、疾病分型、病程、住院次数、服药情况及阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分等影响因素。结果观察组男性、青壮年(20~39岁)、文化程度低、无配偶、农村、农民和家庭经济较差的比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为5.161、7.406、14.011、21.696、4.144、32.066和14.479,P<0.05)。观察组患者中有攻击、冲动行为史、有药物和酒精滥用史、具有冲动、情绪不稳和自控力差等性格特点以及缺少较好的支持系统比例明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为89.569、30.860、66.936和47.904,P<0.05)。观察组偏执型、未定型和青春型的比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=52.874,P<0.05)。观察组病程大于对照组,服药依从性较对照组差,住院次数少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2/t值分别为4.444、8.067和23.614,P<0.05)。观察组的PANSS量表得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为7.253、6.215、18.833和26.446,P<0.05)。结论应针对精神分裂症患者肇事肇祸的影响因素采取相应措施,对精神分裂症患者实施合理药物治疗的同时,对高危人员加强管理,建立健康档案,在患者恢复期通过政府、医院和家庭等多方面的协调互助给予患者系统的情商教育和社会化教育干预,减少精神分裂症患者肇事肇祸行为的发生。
Objective To explore the influencing factors and preventative measures for accidents caused by patients with schizophrenia. Methods 120 patients with schizophrenia who had been involved in accidents from January 2014 to January 2016 as the observation group, and another 120 schizophrenia patients without causing accidents were taken as the control group. The demographic characteristics, disease type, course of disease, the numbers of hospitalizations, medications and the PANSS score and other factors in the two groups were compared. Results The proportion of men, young adults （ 20-39 years old） , people with lower education levels, without spouse, living in rural areas and as farmers in the observation group were higher than that in the control group,and the differences between these two groups were statistically significant（x2 = 5. 161, 7.406,14. 011,21. 696,4. 144,32. 066,14. 479 ,P 〈 0. 05 ）. The proportion of patients with the history of attacking and impulsive behavior, history of drug and alcohol abuse, and those with impulsive, emotional instability, poor self-control personality traits and lack of good support system was significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group, and the difference were statistically significant （ x2 = 89. 569,30. 860,66. 936,47. 904, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The proportion of paranoid, undifferentiated, young patients in the observation group were higher than that in the control group, and the difference were statistically significant （ x2 = 52. 874, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The course of disease in the observation group was longer than the control group, medication compliance were poorer and the number of hospitalizations was less than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant（x2/t = 4. 444,8. 067,23. 614, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The PANSS score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （t = 7. 253,6. 215,18. 833,26. 446, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion For patients with schizophrenia, appropriate measures should be taken to address their involvement in accidents based on the influencing factors analyzed above. Apart from medications, it is necessary to manage the high-risk personnel, to establish health records, to coordinate with government, hospitals and their families during their recovery through of mutual assistance system, to give patients emotional intelligence education and social education interventions to reduce accidents caused by schizophrenia patients.
作者
王轶虎
崔力军
潘鑫
陶百平
WANG Yi -hu CUI Li-jun PAN Xin TAO Bai-ping(Third People＇s Hospital in Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2017年第3期348-350,356,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
基金
基金项目:湖州市科学技术局公益性技术应用研究(一般)(2014GYB31)
关键词
精神分裂症
肇事肇祸
影响因素
预防
偏执型
schizophrenia
accidents
influencing factors
prevention
paranoid type
