摘要
目的了解哈尔滨市2010-2015年青年学生人群的艾滋病相关知识、行为及HIV、梅毒、丙肝感染情况,为在青年学生中开展艾滋病知识宣教及行为干预工作提供参考依据。方法按照《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案》,于2010-2015年抽取哈尔滨市青年学生4 884名,进行问卷调查和HIV、梅毒、丙肝3项血清学检测。问卷及检测结果数据运用SPSS19.0软件进行统计描述。结果 4 884名调查对象的艾滋病知识总知晓率为84.0%。趋势检验结果表明,年份与青年学生艾滋病知晓率之间,随着年份的增加,知晓率呈线性增加的趋势(Z=2.4219,P=0.0154)。青年学生性行为发生率为18.7%,在发生过性行为的男学生中,有男男性行为的占8.8%。趋势性检验结果表明,年份与男男性行为比例之间,随着年份的增加,男男性行为比例呈线性增加的趋势(Z=2.1160,P=0.0343)。最近一年接受过有关预防艾滋病的宣传服务的人不足1/3,最近一年参与过有关预防艾滋病的宣传服务的人不足1/5,最近一年做过艾滋病检测的人只有2.9%。检出HIV阳性12人、梅毒阳性17人、丙肝阳性14人。结论针对青年学生的艾滋病相关宣传服务活动的覆盖面和实效性还存在很多问题,学生咨询检测意识还很低;知识知晓率在普遍达到较高水平后,需要加强行为干预工作,避免"知信行"分离;性行为发生率升高不一定伴随感染率升高,艾滋病感染主要原因是危险性行为。在以后的工作中应通过开展更广泛的艾滋病相关宣传服务活动,加强行为干预质量,提倡主动进行咨询检测,正确引导健康性观念,促进青年学生安全性行为意识等一系列有效措施,来遏制艾滋病在青年学生中蔓延。
Objective To understand HIV-related knowledge,behavior and the infection of HIV,syphilis and hepatitis C among young students in Harbin from 2010 to 2015,to provide effective reference for interventions about HIV/AIDS knowledge and behavior among young students in future. Methods According to the national AIDS sentinel surveillance and implementation plan,4884 young students were selected and conducted a questionnaire and three serological tests of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C. SPSS 19.0 was used to statistically describe the questionnaire and test result data. Results The total awareness rate of HIV/AIDS among 4884 young students was 84.0%. The trend test results showed that the awareness rate increased linearly with the increase of year（ Z = 2.4219, P = 0. 0154 ）. The percentage of students having sexual behavior was 18.7% ,8.8% of male students who had sexual behavior had MSM. The trend test results showed that the percentage of MSM increased linearly with the increase of year（Z = 2. 1160, P = 0. 0343 ）. In the last year, there were fewer than one in three people who have received HIV/AIDS advocacy services,fewer than one in five people who have been involved in the HIV/ AIDS advocacy services, and only 2.9% of people had done the HIV testing. The positive number of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C detection respectively were 12,17 and 14. Conclusion There are still many problems in the coverage and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS related publicity activities for young students,and the awareness of students counseling and testing is still low; It is necessary to strengthen the intervention of behavior and avoid the separation of knowledge and behavior after the knowledge rate generally having reached a high level;The incidence of sexual behavior is not necessarily associated with increased infection rate,HIV infection is mainly due to dangerous sexual behavior. In the future work,we should develop a wider range of HIV-related publicity activities,strengthen the quality of behavioral intercention, advocate taking active detection consulting, guide the correct and healthy sexual attitudes, and promote safer sexual behavior awareness of young students, these series of measures are taken to curb the spread of AIDS among young students.
作者
杨一偲
刘岩琳
罗超
王尚博
隋虹
喻欢
YANG Yi-si LIU Yan-lin LUO Chao WANG Shang-bo SUI Hong YU Huan(Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Heilongjiang 150056, China Department of Statistical, Harbin Medical University)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2017年第3期370-374,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
艾滋病
青年学生
知晓率
性行为
感染率
AIDS
young students
awareness rate
sexual behavior
infection rate
