摘要
为了探索地下煤炭开采技术革命的新方法,提出地下煤炭化学开采的基本概念,并将其归纳为3种化学开采方法,即地下气化、地下热解和生物溶解.首次提出了煤炭化学开采技术架构、工艺系统和需要突破的关键技术:1)地下煤炭盾构-气化协同工艺及装备系统,合成燃气用于整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)发电及CO_2埋藏的技术思路,地下气化污染物抑制及稳定产气控制方法;2)基于聚光太阳能供热和干热岩集热供热的地下煤炭原位干馏技术,基于电磁感应加热和微波辐射加热的地下煤炭原位热解技术;3)基于微生物溶煤的地下煤炭原位生物开采技术.国内外研究表明:与传统井工煤矿生产和发电系统相比,煤炭地下气化的投资降低60%,生产成本降低70%,煤炭资源回采率提高到95%,土地复耕成本降低80%;发电热效率提高50%,发电成本约为0.15元/(kW·h).可以预见,化学开采将成为高回收、低损害、超低排放、零死亡的煤炭开发技术革命的新方向.
To explore new methods for underground coal mining technology revolution, the concept of chemical mining was proposed. Three chemical mining methods were summarized, namely underground coal gasification, underground coal pyrolysis and underground coal biolog- ical dissolution. In this paper, the technical framework, process system and key techniques to be tackled were put forward for the first time, which include 1） underground shield-gasification collaborative process and equipment system, approaches of applying synthetic gas into integrated gasification combined cycle power generation and CO2 burial, methods of underground gasi- fication pollutants inhibition and stable gas yield control; 2） underground in-situ destructive distillation technology based on concentrated solar energy heating and hot dry rock heating, underground pyrolysis technology based on electromagnetic induction heating and microwave radi-ation heating; 3） underground biological mining based on bio-solubilization of coal. Studies at home and abroad indicate that, compared with the traditional underground mining and power generation system, the investment into underground coal gasification is decreased by 60%, the cost of production is lowered by 70%, the recovery ratio of coal resources is improved by 95 %, the cost of land second ploughing is reduced by 80 %, the thermal efficiency of electricity gener-ation is increased by 50%, and the generating cost is around O. 15 yuan/（kW·h）. It is predic-ted that chemical mining will become a new direction of coal exploration technology revolution characterized by high recovery, low damage, ultra-low emission and zero death.
出处
《中国矿业大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期679-691,共13页
Journal of China University of Mining & Technology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2014CB046300)
关键词
化学开采技术
煤炭无人化开采
煤炭地下气化
煤炭地下热解
煤炭生物溶解
chemical mining
unmanned coal mining
underground coal gasification
under-ground coal pyrolysis
biological dissolution of coal
