摘要
家庭早期教养质量对儿童的短期和终身发展都有极其重要的影响,因此应为家庭提供早期教养方面的支持与服务。总结发达国家的实践经验可以发现,"入户指导"是改善家庭教养环境的有效手段。如美国就开发和实施了以发展取向教养理论为指导、以"入户指导"为主要形式的"家庭早期教养支持"项目,其目标人群以弱势群体或有特殊需求的群体为主,服务模式以教养-互动为中心,实施过程中强化互动与回应。此种项目在降低家长的教养压力、提高家长的教养效能感、改善家庭环境创设以及亲子互动质量上效果显著。我国政府有必要根据当前家庭育儿需要,从关注医教结合与早期干预到同时重视父母参与,在合理引入民间资源、发挥政府主导作用的基础上,通过私营机构、非政府组织与政府之间的合作建立和完善以"入户指导"为主要形式的"家庭早期教养支持"项目。
The quality of parenting is very important to children＇s early and further development. Providing support for parents can improve parenting quality and influence children＇s development positively. It has been approved that the home-visiting approach is an effective way to support parents. The current study discussed the theoretical background, logic model, program implementation and quality evaluation of home-visiting programs based on the Developmental Parenting Theory that have been practiced in U.S. for years. The target population of such programs is usually minorities or low-income families and the focus is often on the interaction between parents and children. It has been proved that home-visiting programs can reduce parental stress, increase parents＇ self-efficacy, improve home environment and interaction quality. Chinese government should also build some similar programs to help parents cope with challenges from children＇s early care and development.
作者
何慧华
曹未蔚
于真
He Hnihua Cao Weiwei Yu Zhen(Education College of Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234 Chin)
出处
《学前教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第8期46-55,共10页
Studies in Early Childhood Education
基金
上海市教育科学规划一般项目"发展取向教养理论视野下婴幼儿家长教育的实践研究"(编号:C17053)
关键词
发展取向理论
家庭早期教养
入户指导
Developmental Parenting Theory, family early parenting, home-visiting programs
