摘要
目的了解某院住院的老年患者医院感染的发病率、感染类型及相应的病原菌分布,查找感染的途径及因素,为降低感染率提供管理对策。方法采取前瞻性监测并结合回顾性调查方法,调查对象为某院近3年≥60岁的住院患者1 370例,按照设计表格对新入院患者进行前瞻性调查。出院后再次进行回顾调查。结果感染患者69例,感染率为5.04%;感染例次70例,平均感染例次率5.11%;患者年龄均偏大,原发疾病较多,病情较重,住院时间较长。感染部位以呼吸道感染居首,泌尿道和胃肠道感染次之。真菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌是感染的主要病原菌。尿路感染患者中导尿操作者发生比例高,感染患者抗生素使用比较普遍。结论高龄患者基础疾病多,免疫力低下,呼吸道感染高发,是医院感染监测、预防的重点人群。对原发疾病复杂、施行侵入性操作的患者要加强院内感染的预防控制。院内感染是多种因素作用的结果,开展有效监测可明确感染的危险因素,为有效减少感染提供预防策略,最终使院内感染控制在最低水平。
Objective To understand the incidence of nosocomial infection in our hospital,the type and the distribution of the pathogens,and to find out the way and the factors of the infection. Methods Take prospective monitoring and retrospective survey method,investigation object in our hospital in the recent 3 years is more than or equal to 60 in patients with 1 370,according to the design table,for newly admitted patients were prospective investigation. A retrospective study was conducted after discharge. Results 69 patients cases,infection rate was 5. 04%; infection cases were 70 cases,the average infection rate of cases 5. 11%; more patients ages slants big,primary disease,illness,hospitalization for a long time. Tops the infection in respiratory tract infection,urinary tract and gastrointestinal infection. Fungi,pseudomonas aeruginosa,klebsiella pneumoniae infection is the main pathogenic bacteria. Urinary tract infections in urethral catheterization operator high proportion,antibiotic use common infection cases. Conclusion Elderly patients with basic diseases,low immunity,a high incidence of respiratory tract infection,hospital infection monitoring,prevention and the focus of the crowd,to primary disease complex,the invasive operation patients,in order to strengthen the prevention and control of nosocomial infection.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2017年第8期898-900,共3页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
老年患者
医院感染
预防控制
Elderly patients
Nosocomial infection
Prevention and control
