摘要
从新育成的小麦品种中筛选组织培养再生能力强的基因型,对于利用基因工程途径改良小麦具有重要意义。本研究以河南省近几年育成的8个小麦品种(系)的幼胚为材料,研究3种生长素2,4-D、Dicamba、Picloram对8个小麦品种(系)较大幼胚再生的影响,以及品种间再生能力的差异。结果发现培养基中添加Dicamba时,8个品种(系)的再生率达189%以上,其中郑麦1836和中育1439等6个品种(系)的再生率超过了400%;添加Picloram时,8个品种(系)的再生率均在210%以上,其中郑麦1860和郑麦5135等4个品种(系)的再生率超过了470%;添加2,4-D时,郑麦7698、郑麦0856和郑麦9023没有获得再生植株,郑麦1860和郑麦1836的再生率低于60%,中育1439再生率最高,其次为郑麦5135和郑麦1354。结果表明,小麦较大幼胚植株再生最适宜的生长素为Dicamba,其次为Picloram,不同小麦品种(系)适宜的生长素有所不同;在8个小麦品种(系)中,再生能力最强的基因型为中育1439,其次为郑麦5135、郑麦5135和郑麦1354。
Wheat is the most widely cultivated cereal crop in the world. But wheat production is being seriously affected by biotic and environmental stresses such as diseases,drought,salt,and high temperature with the global climate change. It is high necessary to improve wheat for biotic and abiotic resistance by genetic engineering technique. Compared with other major crops,wheat modification by transgenic approach is lagging behind in the past two decades. Transformation protocol and genotypes will all influence the development of genetic modified wheat varieties. Screening wheat genotypes with high plant regeneration potential from new released commercial wheat varieties or lines will be great beneficial to the improvement of this crop by genetic engineering strategy. Immature grains of eight new wheat cultivars（ Zhengmai 0896,Zhengmai 1354,Zhengmai 1836,Zhengmai 1860,Zhengmai 5135,Zhengmai 7698,Zhengmai 9023,and Zhongyu 1439） released in Henan province recently collected in growth chamber post anthesis for 15-16 days,and their immature embryos of 1. 5-2. 0 mm in size were isolated and cultured on callus induction medium containing three auxins 2,4-D,dicamba and picloram respectively,after carefully removing the embryonic axis. By investigating total calli,differentiated calli,and regeneration shoots during the tissue culture course,differentiated calli rate and regenerate rate were calculated for each treatment of each wheat variety. The effect of the three auxins 2,4-D,dicamba and picloram on plant regeneration of their larger immature embryos wasevaluated,and the regeneration abilities among the varieties were compared. Adding dicamba in callus induction medium can greatly increase the seedling regeneration frequency. Plant regeneration efficiency of all the tested wheat varieties was more than 189%,among which the regeneration efficiency of six varieties such as Zhengmai 1836 and Zhongyu 1439 was over 400%. When picloram was applied in callus initiation medium,plant regeneration efficiency of the eight wheat varieties was more than 210%,among which the regeneration efficiency of four varieties such as Zhengmai 1860 and Zhengmai 5135 was over 1100%. In the condition of 2,4-D used on callus initiation medium,Zhongyu 1439 showed the highest regeneration ability followed by Zhengmai 5135 and Zhengmai 1354,while a regeneration efficiency less than 60% was obtained in Zhengmai 1860 and Zhengmai1836,and no regeneration shoot was obtained in Zhengmai 7698,Zhengmai 0856 and Zhengmai 9023. Results indicated the optimal auxin for the plant regeneration of larger immature wheat embryos was dicamba followed by picloram,but difference related to genotypes was also detected. In the tested eight wheat varieties,the order of the first four ones on the regeneration potential of immature embryos was Zhongyu 1439,Zhengmai 5135,Zhengmai 5135 and Zhengmai 1354. Thereby,the four new wheat varieties evaluated in this study with high regeneration potential of immature embryos are suggested to be used in wheat transformation or transgenic breeding.
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期728-733,共6页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家转基因专项(2016ZX08010004)
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101602)
关键词
小麦
新品种
幼胚
生长素
植株再生
wheat
new varieties
immature embryos
auxin
plant regeneration
