摘要
海外公民保护的重要意义已被普遍认知。长期以来,中国始终致力于保护海外公民,其理念、机制和实践日渐成熟。中国目前的海外公民保护可以从四个维度来进行考察,即中国外交的原则性和灵活性、非国家行为体介入、内在运行机制和外在实践形式的互补、磋商对话战略选项。改革开放以来近四十年,中国海外公民的保护历程,大致可分为适应、推进和转型三个阶段,每个阶段的特点分别是被动、主动场域的转换,常态、动态秩序的生成,高级、低级政治领域的互动。在应对国内、国际诸多挑战的过程中,中国的海外公民保护总体呈现螺旋式上升的态势,实现了战略目标与实践推进之间的统一。此外,中国海外公民保护在战略、供需、实践三个层面面临挑战,这是考验中国海外公民保护能力和水平的新课题。相应地,中国应当更加自觉地奉行不干涉内政原则,理性面对海外公民安全形势,更加充分地发挥政府的主体作用,积极引导相关行为体的介入,更加深入地利用现有各类资源,努力提升海外公民保护的水平,从而更有效地推进中国海外公民保护工作。
The importance of overseas citizen protection is now widely acknowledged.China has been relentless in protecting its overseas citizens,and related mechanisms and practices are becoming more and more mature.This paper assumes that China’s overseas citizen protection can be examined in four aspects:the principle and flexibility of Chinese diplomacy,the intervention of non-state actors,the complementarity of the operating mechanisms and practices,consultation,and dialogue strategy.China’s overseas citizen protection has a history of four decades,and could be roughly divided into three stages:adaptation period,promotion period,and transition period,which are characterized by transformation from passive to active actions,establishment of normal and dynamic orders,and interactions between high-level and low-level affairs respectively.China has been improving its actions in protecting overseas citizens while addressing domestic and international challenges.However,it faces constraints in terms of strategies,supplies,and practices.China should continue to adhere to the non-interference policy and keep a level head in the face of overseas citizen security situations.While the government should be leading protection efforts,it should also encourage other actors to contribute,mobilizing existing resources,so as to enhance its overall capability of protecting overseas citizens.
出处
《国际展望》
CSSCI
2017年第4期87-103,共17页
Global Review
关键词
海外公民保护
海外利益
中国外交
overseas citizen protection
overseas interests
Chinese diplomacy
