摘要
【目的】硫是植物必需的营养元素之一,研究无土栽培营养液中不同浓度硫对韭菜生长和品质的影响,以期为确定合理的韭菜水培营养液配方提供依据。【方法】试验采用水培方法,以含硫2 mmol/L的日本千叶农试葱营养液(通用型)为基础,以硫酸钠作为硫源,设置了硫浓度分别为1、2、3、4、5 mmol/L的5个处理(分别用S1、S2、S3、S4和S5表示)。鉴于相对低浓度的Na+对植物生长发育影响较小,本试验结果忽略Na+的影响。在韭菜第二茬收获时测定了生长、生理、产量、品质指标及含硫化合物的种类和浓度。【结果】适当增加硫素浓度,对韭菜生长有良好的促进作用。与S1处理相比,S2处理韭菜的株高、叶长、假茎粗、叶宽和叶片数分别增加了2.6%、4.5%、5.6%、10.8%、7.2%,韭菜单株鲜重和干重分别提高6.9%、10.1%。韭菜根系活力以S3处理最高,比S1处理显著增加了25.7%,叶绿素a和叶绿素a+b与S2处理差异不显著,但显著高于S1处理19.0%、19.3%。韭菜Vc、可溶性糖和硝酸盐含量均以S3处理最好,Vc含量显著高于S1处理18.8%,硝酸盐含量比S1处理显著降低33.3%。可溶性蛋白含量以S5处理最高。在韭菜中共检测出29种含硫挥发性化合物,主要是二硫化物和三硫化物,有少量的四硫化物,含硫化合物总含量以S2处理最高。韭菜产量以S3和S2处理最高,分别比S1处理显著提高了3.6%、5.6%。【结论】在应用日本千叶农试葱配方时,综合考虑韭菜生长、品质、芳香物质等指标,营养液中硫浓度以2~3 mmol/L为佳。
[ Objectives ] Sulphur supply affects the yield and quality of Chinese chives. Study of the suitable sulfur concentrations in nutrient solution will provide basis for the optimization of nutrient solution for the hydroponic production of Chinese chives. [ Methods ] A Chinese chive hydroponic experiment was conducted using the Japan Chiba farming vegetable nutrient solution as base solution. Five levels of sulphur concentrations （1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mmol/L, noted as S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, respectively） were setup with sodium sulfate as S source. The growth, yield, quality and sulfur compounds of chive were measured. [ Results ] Sulphur was found effective to stimulate the growth of chives. Compared with S 1 treatment, the plant height, leaf length, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf number, single plant fresh weight and dry weight of $2 treatment were significantly increased by 2.6%, 4.5%, 5.6%, 10.8%, 7.2%, 6.9% and 10.1%, respectively. The peak root activity index was obtained in $3 treatment, which was 25.7% higher than the root activity index of S 1 treatment, and the maximum chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a＋b contents were obtained in $3 treatment, they were respectively 19.0% and19.3% higher than those in S1 treatment （P 〈 0.05）. The content of Vc, soluble sugar and nitrate in Chinese chives were detected with the best quality in $3 treatment, with 18.8% more of Vc and 33.3% less of nitrate compounds than the S1 treatment （P 〈 0.05）. The maximum soluble proteins were detected in Chinese chive of S5 treatment. 29 sulfur-containing volatiles were identified in the chives, majority were shown as disulfide and trisulfide with small amount of tetra sulfide. The maximum total content of sulfur-containing volatiles was detected in the Chinese chive of $2 treatment. The highest yields were in the chive of s2 and s3 treatments, they were all significantly higher than that of S 1 （3.6% and 5.6% higher, respectively）. [ Conclusions ] Comprehensively cons/dering the effect of growth, yield, quality and sulfur-containing volatiles, the optimum concentration of sulfur in Japan Chiba fanning vegetable nutrient solution for Chinese chive is 2-3 mmol/L.
作者
季延海
武占会
钟启文
于平彬
刘明池
JI Yan-hai WU Zhan-hui ZHONG Qi-wen YU Ping-bin LIU Ming-chi(Vegetable Research Center of Beijing Academy of Agriculture andForestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China Academy of Agricultural andForestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture （North）, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China ])
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期1112-1119,共8页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
农业部公益性行业科研专项(201303133-2)
北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20140408)资助
关键词
韭菜
硫素浓度
生长
品质
挥发性物质
Chinese chive
sulfur concentration
growth
quality
sulfur-containing volatiles
