摘要
通过2015年4月份和9月份对白洋淀西部纳污区、中部生活水产养殖区以及淀边缘区优势沉水植物及对应沉积物和水中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)含量测定,分析白洋淀水体氮磷营养分布规律,明确不同沉水植物对自然水体氮磷富集能力,为应用沉水植物修复富营养化水体提供理论依据。结果表明:白洋淀水体TN和TP浓度分别为0.77~13.65mg/L和0.05~1.21mg/L。受唐河和府河输入影响,纳污区水中TN和TP浓度最高,为IV~劣V类水,生活水产养殖区和淀边缘区水体TN和TP浓度差异均不显著(p>0.05),水体氮磷主要受入淀河流输入影响;沉积物TN和TP含量分别为(3.16±1.86)g/kg和(0.72±0.20)g/kg。沉积物TN和TP标准指数变化范围为3.42~9.09和0.93~1.44,综合污染指数为2.19~5.26,白洋淀沉积物营养盐处于严重污染水平且受氮素影响更为严重。其中生活水产养殖区沉积物TN和TP含量最高,纳污区和淀边缘区差异不显著(p>0.05);沉水植物对水中TN的富集能力表现为菹草>金鱼藻>篦齿眼子菜,对水中TP的富集能力表现为金鱼藻>菹草>篦齿眼子菜;水和沉积物中TN和TP之间均存在显著正相关(p<0.05)。沉水植物体内氮磷含量与水体TN和TP浓度存在显著正相关,而与沉积物TN和TP含量无显著相关(p>0.05)。总之,3种沉水植物均具有很强的修复水体氮磷污染的能力,建议适时收割地上部以有效去除水体氮磷污染。
Concentrations of total nitrogen（TN）and total phosphorus（TP）in submerged macrophytes,the corresponding sediments and water of the pollution admitted area,living and aquaculture area,and fringe area of Baiyangdian Lake were determined in April and September,2015.Along with the nutrient pollution assessment in the sediment,nutrient status and distribution of TN and TP in the waterbody of Baiyangdian Lake were investigated,the accumulation abilities of TN and TP by submerged plants from natural waters were also investigated.These findings contribute to the application of submerged aquatic plants to TN and TP removal from eutrophic water.The results showed that the content range of TN and TP in the surface water was 0.77-13.65mg/L and 0.05-1.21mg/L,respectively.The highest concentration of TN and TP were observed in the pollution admitted area,where the water quality ranged from Class IV to inferior Class V because of the influence of the Tanghe and Fuhe River.Concentrations of TN and TP in the living and aquaculture area and the fringe area were relatively insignificant（p〈0.05）.Nitrogen and phosphorus were mainly discharged by the rivers.Moreover,the content range of TN and TP in the surface sediments was（3.16±1.86）and（0.72±0.20）g/kg,respectively.The variation range of the standard index of TN,TP and comprehensive pollution index（PI）of the sediments in Baiyangdian Lake was 3.42-9.09,0.93-1.44,and 2.19-5.26,respectively,indicating that Baiyangdian Lake was heavily polluted,with the living and aquaculture area being more seriouly polluted than other areas.Contents of TN and TP in the sediments of the living and aquaculture area and the fringe area were relatively insignificant（p〈0.05）.Among the samples of submerged macrophytes,the concentration of TN was in the order of Potamogeton crispus Ceratophyllum demersum Potamogeton pecinatus,while for the concentration of TP,the order was Ceratophyllum demersum Potamogeton crispus Potamogeton pectinatus.Significant correlations were found between the concentrations of TN and TP in the water and sediments（p〈0.05）.The concentrations of TN and TP in submerged macrophytes were significantly positively related to the water but had no correlation with the sediments.In conclusion,submerged macrophytes showed strong TN and TP accumulation abilities,which are essential for developing strategies to engineer plants for phytoremediation.Accumulation of TN and TP by different submerged aquatic plants may influence the distribution of TN and TP in the waterbody,and the removal of shoots of submerged macrophytes is suggested for effective removal of TN and TP from the water system to avoid secondary pollution caused by excessive decomposition.
作者
王亚琼
薛培英
耿丽平
陈苗苗
孙洪欣
王殿武
冯宇佳
王晓美
WANG Yaqiong XUE Peiying GENG Liping CHEN Miaomiao SUN Hongxin WANG Dianwu FENG Yujia WANG Xiaomei(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agriculture University of Hebei , Key laboratory for Farml and Eco-environrnent, Baoding, Hebei 071000 Institute of science and technology of Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071000)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期304-309,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21407042)
河北省自然科学基金项目(D2015204109)
关键词
氮
磷
沉水植物
白洋淀
nitrogen
phosphorus
submerged macrophytes
Baiyangdian Lake
