摘要
从价格理论、交易成本理论、组织理论和组织演化四种理论视角阐述企业的本质。一般均衡模型将企业简化为一种生产函数,市场交易的价格机制通过虚拟的瓦尔拉斯拍卖人实现资源有效配置;忽视交易成本的新古典经济理论无法解释市场失灵本质,企业的本质是对市场机制的替代;但企业组织内部存在委托代理成本、影响活动和X-非效率等导致了组织失灵,企业的本质是激励与监督、集权与授权的权衡。组织演化理论视角认为企业的知识、学习机制和组织惯例的循环形成了组织的演化,即企业被动接受市场竞争也主动改变市场现状。
The firm is simplified as a production function in the neoclassical economics, and the pricing mechanism is perfect in completed information. The firm, as transaction -government mechanism, is a good substitutes of pricing system in existing of the transaction cost in marketing. Principle - agency cost, influence cost, and X -inefficiency in firm organization constitute the organization costs, and result in organization failure. Organization knowledge and capabilities, learning and routines are evolved in firm, and push the firm to expand its boundary and participate in the competition in markets. There are different behavioral assumption about decision - maker in specific theory of the firm, such as bounded rationality. Finally it proposes the theoretical extension.
作者
高振
江若尘
Gao Zhen Jiang Ruochen
出处
《兰州学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第9期156-166,共11页
基金
上海商学院"上商学者"科研课题(项目编号:16-11051)阶段性成果
关键词
企业本质
市场失灵
交易成本
组织失灵
组织演化
the nature of the firm
market failure
transaction cost
organizational failure
organizational evolutionary
