摘要
针对精密电子元器件等领域在受限空间内的噪声处理难题,以纤维直径为8μm^20μm的316L不锈钢纤维为原料,首先采用真空烧结技术制备了厚度为2 mm,孔隙率为55%~76%的不锈钢纤维多孔材料,然后将其与穿孔板、金属薄板复合并采用真空烧结技术制备了厚度为3~4 mm的复合结构,利用4206型声学阻抗管测试了金属纤维多孔材料及其复合结构的吸声系数和隔声量。系统分析了不锈钢纤维多孔材料的孔隙率与纤维直径、穿孔板结构参数及金属薄板对复合结构的吸声性能和隔声性能的影响规律。研究表明:当金属纤维多孔材料的厚度为2 mm时,宜选择单层复合结构进行噪声处理,其吸声系数稳定在0.3~0.4;当声波频率超过3000 Hz时,宜选择梯度复合结构进行噪声处理,其吸声系数最高可达0.75。穿孔板显著提高了复合结构的吸声系数。相对于穿孔板吸声结构而言,复合结构将第一共振频率向低频方向移动且将共振频率附近的吸声频带变宽。在梯度金属纤维多孔材料层间添加金属薄板后,可进一步提高其吸声系数。
In order to control the noise in the field of precision electronic components within the confined space,porous stainless steel fiber materials with thickness of 2 mm and the porosities of 55%~76%,were prepared by sintering process in the vacuum using the 316L stainless steel fiber with diameters of 8 μm to 20 μm in the paper.Then a complex structure with thickness of 3~4 mm was made by sintering process in the vacuum using the porous stainless steel fiber materials,the perforated panel and the thin metal plate.The sound absorption coefficient and the transmission loss of porous metal fiber materials as well as the complex structure were tested by the acoustic impedance tube with type of 4206.The effects of the porosity and the fiber diameter of porous stainless steel fiber materials,the parameters of the perforated panel and the thin metal plate on the sound absorption and sound insulation properties were systematically analyzed.To control the noise,the single complex structure should be used and the sound absorption coefficient is stable at 0.3 to 0.4 when the thickness of porous metal fiber materials is 2 mm.Furthermore,the gradient complex structure should be used and the maximum sound absorption coefficient is about 0.75 when the sound frequency is higher than 3000 Hz.In addition,the sound absorption coefficient of complex structure can be obviously improved by adding the perforated panel in the front of porous metal fiber materials.The first resonance frequency of complex structure moves to the lower frequency direction and the sound absorption frequency range is widened at the adjacent resonance frequency compared with the perforated panel.Additionally,the sound absorption coefficient of gradient porous metal fiber materials can also be improved by adding the thin metal plate on the interface between single porous metal fiber materials.
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第7期550-556,共7页
Materials China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51301141)
陕西省科技创新团队(2015KCT-11)
陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2016KTCQ01-111)
关键词
多孔材料
金属纤维
穿孔板
复合结构
吸声
隔声
porous materials
metal fiber
perforated panel
complex structure
sound absorption
sound insulation
