摘要
[目的]探讨二氧化钛粉尘对作业工人呼吸系统和血压的影响。[方法]选择某硫酸法钛白粉生产企业接触二氧化钛粉尘的在岗作业工人114名为接触组,该厂不接触任何有毒有害因素的后勤岗位162名作业工人为对照组,对其肺通气功能、鼻咽部疾病及血压进行对比分析。[结果]接触组个体接触环境中二氧化钛粉尘的浓度为(1.494±1.005)mg/m^3(0.424~6.375 mg/m^3),符合国家职业卫生标准。接触组限制性肺通气功能障碍检出率为9.6%,混合性肺通气功能障碍检出率为10.5%,高血压检出率28.1%,慢性鼻炎的检出率为50.9%,均高于对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接触组不同エ龄段高血压检出率的増加与接触二氧化钛粉尘无直接关联(P>0.05)。接触组慢性咽炎的检出率为82.5%,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]长期低浓度接触二氧化钛粉尘,可导致以限制性通气功能障碍、混合性肺功能障碍为主的肺通气功能损害,且与血压改变、慢性鼻炎的发生存在一定关联。企业应积极做好防尘措施。
Objective To evaluate the adverse effects of titanium dioxide dust on respiratory system and blood pressure of occupationally exposed workers.[Methods]Totally 114 occupationally exposed workers in a titanium dioxide production enterprises with sulfuric acid process were studied,while 162 workers without known occupational exposure were chosen as the references.The physical examinations,including measurement of pulmonary ventilation function and blood pressure,and nasopharynx examination,were given to the workers and the results were compared between these two groups.[Results]The workers exposure levels of titanium dioxide varied from 0.424 to 6.375 mg/m^3 with average（1.494 ±1.005）mg/m^3.The restrictive and mixed pulmonary ventilation abnormalities of exposed workers were 9.6%and 10.5%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the references（P 〈 0.05）.The abnormality of blood pressure and the morbidity of chronic rhinitis of exposed workers were 28.1%and 50.9%,respectively,which were also significantly higher（P 〈 0.05）.The morbidity of chronic pharyngitis of the exposed workers was 82.5%and there was no difference compared with the references.[Conclusion]Long term and low exposure to titanium dioxide dust could cause pulmonary dysfunction,abnormality of blood pressure and chronic rhinitis The enterprises should take more control measures against the dust hazards.
出处
《职业卫生与应急救援》
2017年第1期16-18,共3页
Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue
关键词
二氧化钛粉尘
肺通气功能
血压
慢性鼻炎
慢性咽炎
titanium dioxide dust
pulmonary ventilation function
blood pressure
chronic rhinitis
chronic pharyngitis
