摘要
目的了解乌鲁木齐市2014年肿瘤发病的流行特征,为肿瘤的预防控制提供科学依据。方法根据乌鲁木齐市肿瘤登记处登记的乌鲁木齐市2014年恶性肿瘤发病资料,按性别以及年龄别、肿瘤别发病率分层,结合乌鲁木齐市2014年人口数据,统计和分析乌鲁木齐市肿瘤粗发病率、年龄别发病率、中标率等指标。标化率采用2000年全国人口普查人口和Segi’s标准人口结构为标准。结果乌鲁木齐市2014年肿瘤登记调查覆盖729 212人,新发肿瘤病例1 651例,肿瘤发病率为226.41/10万,中标率为150.55/10万,;男性肿瘤粗发病率(220.00/10万)显著低于女性(232.62/10万)(χ~2=1.29,P=0.257)。甲状腺癌(40.80/10万)女性显著高于男性(15.04/10万)(χ~2=32.64,P=0.00)。男性肺癌(含气管,支气管)、胃癌、肝癌发病率均高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.00)。从35岁开始左右发病率随着年龄增长而增长,55岁急剧快速上升,男性上升幅度大于女性,80~84岁达到高峰后开始下降。肺癌(含气管,支气管)、甲状腺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、子宫颈癌、肝癌、肾及泌尿系统癌、脑,神经系统癌等是乌鲁木齐市常见的恶性肿瘤,约占新发恶性肿瘤总数的72.44%。女性恶性肿瘤发病第一位为甲状腺癌。消化系统、呼吸器官这两大部位是肿瘤新发的主要两大系统。乌鲁木齐市儿童恶性肿瘤新发病例0~4岁低龄组是儿童恶性肿瘤的高发年龄。结论乌鲁木齐市肿瘤发病率接近全国和世界水平,应加强肿瘤综合防控措施,有效降低乌鲁木齐市肿瘤流行水平。
Objective To investigate the epidemic features of incidence of malignant tumors in Urumchi in 2014 so as to provide scientific evidence for cancer prevention and control. Methods We collected the data regarding the incidence of malignant tumors from cancer registries in Urumqi in 2014, and statistically analyzed the crude incidence rate, age-specific incidence rate and age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese population according to the cancer incidence data stratified by gender, age and different tumors combined with the population data in Urumqi in 2014. Chinese population structure in 2000 and Segi＇ s world standardized population structure were used for calculating the age-standardized rates. Results The cancer registries in Urumqi in 2014 covered a total of 729,212 population, including 1,651 newly diagnosed cancer cases. The crude incidence rate of cancer in Urumqi in 2014 was 226.41/100,000, and the age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese population was 150.55/100,000. The crude incidence rate of cancer was significantly lower in the males than in the females （220.00/100,000 vs. 232.62/100,000, Х^2 = 1.29, P= 0.257）. The crude incidence rate of thyroid cancer was significantly higher in the females than in the males （40.80/ 100,000 vs. 15.04/100,000,Х^2 = 32.64, P = 0.000 ） , while the crude incidence rates of lung cancer （ including trachea and bronchi ） , gastric cancer and liver cancer were all higher in the males than in the females, with statistically significant differences （ all P = 0.00）. From the age of 35 years, the incidence rates were increased with the increasing age , and rose rapidly at the age of 55 years. The ascensional range was larger in the males than in the females, it reached the peak at the age of 80-84 years and then declined. The common malignant tumors were lung cancer （including trachea and bronchi ） , thyroid cancer, breast cancer, pros- tate cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, kidney and urinary tract cancer, brain and nervous system cancer, which accounted for 72.44% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases. Thyroid cancer ranked the first of malignant tumors in the females. The digestive system and respiratory organs were the main systems with newly diagnosed malignant tumors. Most of the newly diagnosed malignant tumor cases in children in Urumqi occurred in the age group of 0-4 years. Conclusions The incidence rates of malignant tumors in Urumqi are closer to the national and global levels; and hence, it is necessary to enhance comprehensive prevention and control measures of cancer so as to effectively reduce the epidemic levels of malignant tumors in Urumqi.
作者
孙高峰
钦勤
谢惠芳
万里
郭颖珍
刘馨
SUN Gao-feng QIN Qin XIE Hui-fang WAN Li GUO Ying-zhen LIU Xin(Urumchi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830026, Chin)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2017年第10期1240-1244,共5页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
乌鲁木齐市科技计划项目(Y141310052)
