摘要
为给西北山旱地核桃土壤养分管理提供科学依据,以6年生核桃品种‘鲁光’为试料,采用随机区组设计方法,研究不同肥料(核桃专用肥ZY_1、核桃专用肥ZY_2、复合肥FH、不施肥CK)处理对山旱地核桃叶片叶绿素含量、矿质营养含量和光合特性的影响,并探讨核桃叶片矿质营养含量、叶绿素含量及净光合速率(Pn)间的相关性。结果表明:不同肥料处理下核桃叶片Pn日变化均呈双峰曲线,4个肥料处理按照光合性能由强到弱排列依次为ZY_1、ZY_2、FH、CK。CO_2饱和浓度下的最大净光合速率比饱和光强下的高,说明核桃叶片强光下(接近或超过光饱和点)光合速率的增加主要是受CO_2供应的限制。叶片矿质营养中大量及中量元素含量均为ZY_1处理最高,CK最低;微量元素中除Fe元素含量ZY_2处理高于ZY_1处理外,Mn、Cu、Zn含量均为ZY_1处理最高,其次为ZY_2处理,CK最低。4个肥料处理按照叶绿素a、叶绿素b及叶绿素(a+b)含量由高到低排列依次均为ZY_1、ZY_2、FH、CK。核桃叶片的各矿质营养含量、叶绿素含量和Pn之间大多呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。其中,N含量与Pn的相关性达极显著水平(P<0.01),Mg含量与叶绿素b含量的相关性达显著水平(P<0.05),叶绿素b含量与Pn的相关性达极显著水平(P<0.01),相关系数为0.757。综合来看,核桃专用肥优于复合肥,能显著提高山旱地核桃叶片叶绿素含量、矿质营养含量,有效提高叶片的光合能力,且ZY_1肥料效果最佳。
In order to provide some scientific basis for soil nutrient management of walnuts at arid mountainous regions of North-west China, using six years old ＇Luguang＇ cultivar as materials, effects of different fertilizer treatments on chlorophyll contents, mineral nutrient contents, and photosynthetic characteristics of walnut at arid mountainous regions were researched by the method of randomized block design, including walnut specific fertilizer ZY1, walnut specific fertilizer ZY2, compound fertilizer FH, and no fertilizer CK, and correlations between leaf mineral nutrient contents, chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate （Pn） were analyzed. The results indicated that daily changes of Pn under different fertilizer treatments presented bimodal curves, and the order of the four fertilizer treatments based on photosynthetic performance from strong to weak was ZY1, ZY2, FH, CK. The maximum P. under the condition of saturation CO2 concentration was higher than that under the condition of saturation light intensity, which indicated that photosynthetic rate was limited by supply of CO2 when light intensity was near or above the light saturation point. Contents of major and middle elements in mineral nutrients was the highest in ZY1 treatment, and that was the lowest in CK; in terms of trace elements, in addition to Fe element content in ZY2 treatment was higher than ZY1 treatment, Mn, Cu and Zn contents were the highest in ZY1 treatment, followed by ZY2 treatment, and those were the lowest in CK. Based on contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll （a ＋ b） from high to low, the orders of the four treatments were all ZY1, ZY2, FH, CK. Most correlations were positive and significant between chlorophyll contents, mineral nutrient contents and Pn of leaves （P 〈 0.05）. Correlation between N content and Pn reached a very significant level （P 〈 0.01）, correlation between Mg content and chlorophyll b content reached a significant level （P 〈 0.05）, chlorophyll b content had a extremely significantly correlation with Pn （P 〈 0.01）, and the correlation coefficient was 0.757. On the whole, walnut special fertilizer was better than compound fertilizer, it could significantly improve chlorophyll and mineral nutrient contents, and could effectively improve photosynthetic capacity of leaves, and the effect of special fertilizer ZY1 was the best.
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2017年第3期109-114,共6页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(1506RJIA116)
甘肃省农业科学院创新工程学科团队项目(2014GAAS04)
甘肃省农业科学院科技创新专项(2012GAAS11-2)
甘肃省科技重大专项(1203NKDK019)
天水市科技支撑计划项目"天水地方核桃种质资源的保存鉴定与创新利用研究"
农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室(10218020)
关键词
山旱地
核桃
肥料
矿质营养
光合特性
arid mountainous region
walnut
fertilizer
mineral nutrients
photosynthetic characteristics
