摘要
采取活动重叠模式通常是加速研发的有效手段,带有活动重叠的资源受限项目调度问题是经典资源受限项目调度问题的扩展.首先,深入分析了活动重叠对于项目调度的影响,对活动重叠及其不确定进行详细描述与建模,提出了活动重叠导致下游活动返工时间的二项分布概率模型;其次,构建了以最小化研发项目期望工期为目标的优化调度模型,设计了基于串行进度生成机制的遗传算法对大规模问题进行优化求解;最后,基于PSPLIB J60问题库中480个算例分析了该算法的计算结果,并考察了网络参数、资源参数和重叠参数变化时,采用活动重叠模式对缩短项目工期的影响.研究结果表明:活动对资源的需求强度越小或资源稀缺程度越低,可重叠活动对数量就会增加,项目工期缩短得越明显;网络复杂度的变化对缩短项目工期的影响不大;项目中重叠活动对越多,重叠导致的下游活动返工的概率越小,项目工期缩短的越明显.
Overlapping activities are an effective means to accelerate the duration of R＆D projects. Project scheduling with overlapping modes and resource constraints is an extension of the classical problem. Firstly, based on an in-depth analysis of the influence of overlapping activities on project scheduling, a detailed de- scription and modeling of overlapping and its uncertainty is proposed. Then, a binomial probability model for reworking on downstream activities is built. Thirdly, an optimization model is built whose objective is to mini- mize the expectation of duration, and a serial schedule generation mechanism is designed as decoding operator for genetic algorithm. Finally, a heuristic method is used to test on the PSPLIB of J60 problems （480 cases）. The duration of the project is analyzed as the network and resource parameters and overlapping parameters change. The results show that ： the smaller the intensity of activities on resource requirements or the lower the scarcity of resources, the larger the number of overlapped activities, and the more the shortening in the project duration ; Network complexity has little effect on shortening the duration ; The more overlapping activities or the smaller reworking probability on downstream activities, the more obvious the impact of shortening the duration.
作者
于静
徐哲
谢芳
YU Jing XU Zhe XIE Fang(School of Management, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300383, China School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China)
出处
《管理科学学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第9期36-45,共10页
Journal of Management Sciences in China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71571005
71271019)
教育部人文社会科学基金资助项目(16YJC630159)
关键词
项目调度
遗传算法
活动重叠
资源
返工
project scheduling
genetic algorithm
overlapping
resource
rework
