摘要
目的了解医院职业暴露及防护意识现状,以制定有效的防护制度和防护措施。方法对医院2010年1月-2016年1月发生职业暴露的107名医务人员进行调查,根据职业暴露人员当时填写的暴露情况进行追踪和随访。结果 107名医务人员共发生129次职业暴露,其中医师38次,例次率为29.46%,护士65次,例次率为50.39%,保洁人员26次,例次率为20.16%;锐器伤124次,例次率为96.12%,血液/体液暴露5次,例次率为3.88%;主要暴露环节发生在处理锐器时、诊疗、护理操作过程中;65人次的护士职业暴露中进行职业暴露后的防护处理的例次率为100.00%,38人次的医师职业暴露中采取冲洗消毒处理的例次率为100.00%,有害怕和恐惧心理的例次率为62.79%和56.59%。结论医院是血源性病原体职业暴露的高发场所,为有效预防与减少医护人员职业暴露的发生,管理者应提供科学的职业安全防护措施和有效的安全防护器具,同时加强职业暴露防护知识培训,以提高医护人员职业安全防护器具使用的依从性。
OBJECTIVE To understand occupational exposure and protection awareness in hospitals,so as to develop effective protection system and measures.METHODS A total of 107 staff members of the hospital with occupational exposure between Jan.2010 and Jan.2016 were investigated,and the results were tracked for six months based on the exposures that were completed by staff with occupational exposure.RESULTS A total of 129 occupational exposures were occurred among 107 medical personnel,including 38 times of doctors with the case/times rate of 29.46%,65 times of nurses with the case/times rate of 50.39%,and 26 times of cleaners with the case/times rate of 20.16%.There are 124 times of sharp instrument injuries with the case/times rate of 96.12%,and 5 times of blood/humor exposures with the case/times rate of 3.88%,which mainly occurred in the treatment of sharp instruments,diagnosis and treatment,and nursing operation process.The rate of protection treatment after occupational exposure was 100%in 65 nurses who suffered from occupational exposure,and the rate of washing and disinfection treatment was also 100%in 38 doctors,and the rates of fear and panic were respectively 62.79%and 56.59%.CONCLUSION Hospital is a place where professional exposure of hematogenous pathogens occurs frequently.In order to prevent and reduce occupational exposure of medical staff effectively,administrators of the hospital should provide scientific professional safety protection measures and effective protection tools,and strengthen relevant protection training,so as to intensify the awareness of the medical staff in terms of use of professional protection tools.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第17期4074-4076,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
职业暴露
锐器伤
职业防护
Occupational exposure
Sharp injury
Professional protection
