摘要
鉴于中国刑法"立法定性又定量"以及将预备和未遂概括规定于总则中的特点,应当将实害犯界定为以实际的法益侵害结果的发生作为犯罪成立条件的犯罪类型,而有别于存在未遂的结果犯。综观中国式刑法立法模式,可分为八种类型:仅表述行为型、数额型、数额行为选择型、数额情节选择型、情节型、严重后果型、后果情节选择型、危险描述型。严重后果型犯罪属于实害犯,如生产、销售劣药罪,对违法票据承兑、付款、保证罪,滥用职权罪,没有犯罪未遂成立的余地;至于其他类型的犯罪,是否值得处罚犯罪未遂,应进行具体、实质性判断。一般而言,法益不很重要、法定刑也不重的罪名,没有必要处罚犯罪未遂,如骗取贷款罪、虚假诉讼罪。
In view of the characteristic that the legislation is quantitative as w ell as qualitative,and legislation stipulates the preparation and attempted crimes in the general provisions,the actual offense shall be defined as such a criminal type w hich takes the actual legal benefit infringement result as the crime establishment condition,different from the consequential offense involving attempt. Through a comprehensive review of the legislative model of Chinese criminal law,it is found that Chinese legislation can be divided into eight types： behavior description,amount,amount or behavior,amount or plot,plot,severe consequence,consequence or plot,and hazard description. The type of serious consequence crime belongs to the actual damage offense,such as producing,selling drugs of inferior quality,accepting,paying and guaranteeing for illegal bills,and crime of abuse of authority. There is no room for attempted crime in these crimes. As for other types of crime,w hether it is w orthw hile to punish an attempted crime,concrete and substantive judgments should be made. Generally speaking,there is no need to punish attempted crime if the legal interest is not very important and statutory sentence is not heavy,such as crime of defrauding loans and crime of false action.
出处
《杭州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第5期121-127,共7页
Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
中国法学会2016年度部级法学研究课题"污染环境罪适用研究"(CLS[2016]D52)的研究成果
关键词
刑法
立法模式
实害犯
结果犯
未遂
Criminal law
legislative mode
actual damage offense
consequential offense
criminal attempt
