摘要
为探究饲料中牛磺酸含量对淡水养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、消化酶活性及抗胁迫能力的影响,在10%鱼粉的基础上设计牛磺酸添加量分别为0(A组)、0.15%(B组)、0.30%(C组)、0.45%(D组)和0.60%(E组)的等氮等能饲料(A、B、C、D和E饲料中实测牛磺酸含量依次为1.42、3.07、4.37、5.79和7.48 mg/g饲料),分别投喂初始体质量(0.160±0.002)g的幼虾56 d。养殖实验结束后,测定对虾的生长性能、肌肉常规组成、肝胰腺消化酶活性。而后分别取各组对虾进行亚硝酸盐急性胁迫实验和耐低溶解氧胁迫实验。结果表明:饲料中牛磺酸含量对凡纳滨对虾的生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。随饲料牛磺酸含量的增加,对虾肌肉总脂肪含量逐渐升高,D组和E组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);肌肉水分含量逐渐下降,A、B和C组显著高于D和E组(P<0.05);肌肉粗蛋白质及灰分含量各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。肝胰腺中蛋白酶及脂肪酶活性随饲料中牛磺酸含量的升高而升高,D和E组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。在水体亚硝酸盐含量为8.5~9.0 mg/L条件下,D组在胁迫48、72和84 h后的累计死亡率低于其他各组。在低氧胁迫下,C组的致死溶氧低于其他各组。表明在淡水养殖条件下,低鱼粉饲料(鱼粉含量10%)中添加0.30%~0.45%的牛磺酸(实测含量4.37~5.79 mg/g饲料)在维持良好生长性能的同时可改善凡纳滨对虾的抗亚硝酸盐和耐低溶解氧胁迫的能力。
In order to assess the effect of dietary taurine supplementation on the growth,body composition,digestive enzyme activity and stress resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei in freshwater,five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets based on 10% fish meal formula,supplemented 0%（ A）,0. 15%（ B）,0. 30%（ C）,0. 45%（ D） and 0. 60%（ E） taurine respectively（ The taurine contents were orderly 1. 42,3. 07,4. 37,5. 79 and 7. 48 mg/g diet）,were fed to the juvenile shrimp（ initial body weight 0. 160 ± 0. 002 g） for56 days. Then the growth performance,proximate composition of muscle and hepatopancreas digestive enzyme activity were investigated. The nitrite acute stress test and hypoxia stress test were also conducted. The results showed that： The dietary taurine content had no significant effect on the growth performance of the white shrimp L. vannamei（ P〉0. 05）. The muscular total lipid content of shrimp increased and moisture declined along with the increasing dietary taurine level. The muscular total lipid contents in D and E treatments were significantly higher than those in other treatments（ P〈0. 05）. Muscular moisture in A,B and C treatments were significantly higher than those in D and E（ P〈0. 05）; There was no significant difference in muscular crude protein and ash between the treatments（ P〉0. 05）. The activities of protease and lipase in hepatopancreas increased with the increase of dietary taurine content. D and E treatments displayed significantly higher protease and lipase activities than other treatments（ P〈0. 05）. Stressed with 8. 5-9. 0mg/L nitrite,D treatment displayed lower cumulative mortality at 48 h,72 h and 84 h than other treatments.Under hypoxia stress,C treatment had lower lethal dissolved oxygen concentration than other treatments. It is therefore suggested that supplementation of 0. 30%-0. 45% taurine in diet containing 10% fish meal（ the dietary taurine was between 4. 37 and 5. 79 mg/g diet） could improve the nitrite tolerance and hypoxia tolerance of the white shrimp L. vannamei in freshwater culture condition.
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期706-715,共10页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
上海市科学技术委员会项目(14320502000)
