摘要
农产品入世"过渡期"结束后,我国由粮食净出口国逆转为粮食净进口国,粮食贸易赤字不断创历史新高。解构粮食贸易赤字显示,一方面我国粮食贸易赤字83%以上来自大豆净进口的贡献;另一方面小麦、玉米、大米的贸易净出口量同期大幅下降,两方面因素共同作用拉升我国粮食净出口赤字。入世后,我国粮食进口占世界粮食出口比重不断提高,但三大主粮进口占世界粮食出口比重非常低。同时粮食进口市场高度集中的风险并没有缓解,主要进口市场集中在南北美洲及东南亚地区。我国粮食竞争力分析显示,入世前、"过渡期"、"过渡期"结束,我国玉米和大米国际竞争力都经历了较强竞争力——一般竞争力——很弱竞争力的过程,竞争力呈现"滑坡"式趋势。小麦在三个阶段经历了从很弱竞争力——一般竞争力——很弱竞争力。大豆长期以来处于弱竞争力水平。
China becomes a net food importing country from a net exporting country after transition period. Trade deficit continues to record highs. Deconstructing the deficit, we find that on the one hand, the deficit mainly comes from the soybean imperts; on the other hand, net exports of wheat, maize and rice fell sharply over the same period, After China accession to the WTO, The proportion of imported grain accounted for the worldg exported grain continue to increase, but the proportion of three main imported food is low. At the same time, the risk of high concentration of grain import markets has not been alleviated. The main importing markets concentrate in North and South America and Southeast Asia. Grain competitiveness shows that before joining the WTO, the transition period and after transitions period, the international competitiveness of corn and rice all experiences strong competitiveness, general competitiveness, and low competitiveness. While, competitiveness of wheat is low competitiveness, general competitiveness, and low competitiveness. Soybeans have long been at a weak competitive level.
出处
《中国软科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第9期18-29,共12页
China Soft Science
基金
中国社会科学院重大招标项目"转变经济发展方式与中国经济安全战略研究"(201401)
中国社会科学院农发所智库课题:粮食生产功能区建设标准
激励机制和支持政策
关键词
农产品
入世
过渡期
粮食贸易
演变
agricultural products
accession into the WTO
transition period
grain trade
evolution
