摘要
地球进入人类世新纪元以来,人地关系变得异常复杂难解,生计作为驱动人地关系演化的重要因素,为理解复杂的人地关系提供了新视角与新工具,目前以"人地关系"为核心议题的地理学已成为可持续生计研究最活跃的学科之一。在概述可持续生计研究的缘起与框架的基础上,从生计的空间分异、生计与生态环境的关系、脆弱性背景/结果与过程转变(气候变化、土地利用/覆被变化、生态补偿及乡村旅游)对生计的影响以及生计脆弱性评估等方面出发,系统梳理了地理学中可持续生计的研究现状,并指出当前研究的主要不足;同时提出未来急需在地理学框架内对生计的格局—过程—机制、生计的跨尺度问题、生计转型的生态—经济—社会效应、生计脆弱性的形成与调控、生计可持续性等领域开展更深入的研究。
Since the earth entered into a new era of the Anthropocene Era, the human- environment relationship has become extremely complicated. As the important driving factor of the human-environment relationship, livelihoods provides the new perspective and the new tool for understanding the human-environment relationship. For now, geography has become one of the most active discipline researching sustainable livelihoods. Based on the overviewing the origin and framework of sustainable livelihoods research, we tease out the research status of the major topics in geography, which include the spatial heterogeneity of livelihoods, the relationship between livelihoods and eco-environment, the impact of vulnerability context/ consequence and process transformation （such as climate change, land use/ cover change, payment for ecological service and rural tourism） on the farmers＇ livelihoods, and livelihoods vulnerability assessment. Then, we point out that the relevant research in geography has paid less attention to the dynamics of livelihoods, the impact of globalization on livelihoods and the impact of multi- stressor on livelihoods, and in the meantime, short of comprehensive integration of the new techniques and methods. Finally, we present the prospects of future studies for sustainable livelihoods in geography which include the livelihoods＇ patterns-processes-mechanism, the trans-scale question of livelihoods, the ecological-economic-social effect of livelihoods transformation, the formation and regulation of livelihoods vulnerability and livelihoods sustainability. These prospects and reviews would help to offer revelation and reference for domestic relevant researches.
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1859-1872,共14页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41661115
41361106)
中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室开放基金(KLEIRB-2S-16-03)
关键词
地理学视角
可持续生计研究
格局—过程—机制
跨尺度
生计转型
the perspective of geography
sustainable livelihoods research
patterns- process- es - mechanism
trans-scale
livelihoods transformation
