摘要
明确蔬菜田节肢动物的种群动态和发生规律可以为制定合理的蔬菜害虫生态控制策略奠定理论基础,因此,本研究在福州市建新镇试验田对蔬菜田节肢动物群落多样性进行了系统调查。调查结果表明:该蔬菜田节肢动物群落共由76种、46302个节肢动物个体组成,分别属于2纲、10目、43科;其中,害虫38种,中性昆虫5种,天敌33种。蔬菜田节肢动物群落总体的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')和Pielou均匀性指数(J')较低,而Simpson优势集中性指数较高。根据生态学上物种优势度等级划分方法,该菜田害虫优势种为黄曲条跳甲Phyllotreta striolata(Fabricius);捕食性天敌中个体数最多的为微蛛科食虫沟瘤蛛Ummeliata insecticeps Boes.et Str;寄生性天敌中个体数最多的为甘蓝潜蝇茧蜂Opius dimidiatus(Ashmead);双翅目稻摇蚊Chironomus oryzae Matsumura在中性昆虫中占的比例较大。掌握菜田节肢动物群落的多样性及其结构在菜田害虫生态控制中有着十分重要的作用。
Understanding the population dynamics and the occurrence rules of arthropod in vegetable field could provide a theoretical basis for formulating ecological control strategy to vegetable pests,a systematic investigation of arthropod community diversity was carried out in the vegetable fields of Jianxin,Fuzhou.The results showed that arthropod community in vegetable fields consisted of 76 species and 46302 arthropods belonging to 43 families,10 orders and 2 classes,including 38 species of pests,5 species of neutral insects and 33 species of natural enemies.The diversity index and the species evenness of arthropod in vegetable field were low,but the dominant concentration index was high.Based on the species dominance hierarchy method in ecology,Phyllotreta striolata（Fabricius）was the dominant pest,Opius dimidiatus（Ashmead）was the dominant predatory natural enemy,Opius dimidiatus（Ashmead）had the biggest amount in parasite,and the proportion of Chironomus oryzae Matsumura was relatively large in neutral insects.To well know the diversity and the structure of arthropod community can play an important role in ecological control of pests in vegetable fields.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第26期93-99,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
福州市科技计划项目"蔬菜害虫黄曲条跳甲的抗药性监测及其综合治理研究"(2014-G-64)
福建省公益类科研院所专项"蔬菜害虫黄曲条跳甲的非化学防治技术研究"(2015R1024-8)
福建省公益类科研院所专项"黄曲条跳甲高致病力绿僵菌菌株的筛选及其侵染机制"(2016R1023-10)
闽台作物有害生物生态防控国家重点实验室开放课题基金"黄曲条跳甲的抗性监测与抗性治理研究"(SKB2017010)
关键词
蔬菜田
节肢动物
群落
多样性
vegetable field
arthropod
community
diversity
