摘要
目的探讨河北省某国有煤炭企业特种工心理健康、压力知觉及应对方式特点。方法 2016年6—10月,对井下332名特种工和245名普工进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)、压力知觉(CPSS)和简易应对(SCSQ)测验,调查他们的心理健康、压力知觉及应对方式情况。将获得的数据信息进行统计分析,同时依据SCL-90总分是否超过160分(SCL-90总分>160分,提示阳性症状)将特种工分为阳性症状组和正常组,对2组的压力知觉、积极应对和消极应对进行比较。结果特种工SCL-90总分及躯体化、强迫症状、精神病性因子高于全国常模,人际关系低于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);特种工SCL-90总分及人际关系、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子高于普工,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);特种工压力知觉、消极应对低于常模,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);而压力知觉、积极应对、消极应对与普工比较,差异无统计学意义。特种工阳性症状组与正常组比较,前者的压力知觉、消极应对高于后者,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。在特种工压力知觉、积极应对、消极应对与SCL-90总分的多元回归分析中,消极应对、压力知觉对SCL-90总分有显著贡献(F=40.34,t_压=6.976,t_消=4.978;均P<0.01)。结论特种工的特点表现为:心理健康水平低于常模及普工,特种工会无意识的防御"压力"。消极应对及压力知觉对特种工心理健康水平有影响,压力知觉及消极应对值越高,心理健康水平越差。
[Objective] To explore the characteristics on mental health,pressure perception and coping styles of special workers in a state-owned coal enterprise in Hebei Province.[Methods]From June to October 2016,332 special workers and 245 general workers were investigated by using Symptom checklist 90（SCL-90）,Chinese version-Perceived Stress Scale（CPSS） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ）,to obtain their status of mental health,pressure perception and coping styles. The data were statistically analyzed,and special workers were divided into the positive symptom group and the normal group according to the total scores of SCL-90（the total scores of SCL-90 higher than 160 points reveals the positive symptom）,and the pressure perception,positive coping and negative coping between them were compared.[Results]The total scores of SCL-90 and scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptom and psychoticism in special workers were higher than the national norms,while the scores of interpersonal relation were lower than the national norm,and the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）. The total scores of SCL-90 and scores of interpersonal relation,terror,paranoid and psychoticism in special workers were higher than those in general workers,and the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）. The levels of pressure perception and negative coping in special workers lower than norms and the differences were statistically significant（both P〈0.05）,while there were no statistically significant differences in levels of pressure perception,positive coping and negative coping between special workers and general workers. Among special workers,the levels of pressure perception and negative coping in positive symptom group were higher than those in normal group,and the differences were statistically significant（both P〈0.05）.In the multiple regression analysis between the total scores of SCL-90 and pressure perception,positive coping,negative coping,negative coping and pressure perception have significant contribution for the total score of SCL-90（F=40.34,tpressure perception=6.976,tnegative coping=4.978,both P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The characteristics of the special workers behave as the mental health level of them is lower than that of general workers,and special workers have the unconscious defense about pressure. The negative coping and pressure perception have a significant impact on the mental health level of special workers,and the higher the value of pressure perception and negative coping,the worse the level of mental health.
作者
张超
岳玲梅
王聪哲
冯倩
蒋克
张莉
马文有
ZHA NG Chao YUE Ling-mei WANG Cong-zhe FENG Qian JIA NG Ke ZHA NG Li MA Wen-you(Affiliated Kailuan Mental Health Center of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Hebei, 063001 ,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2017年第20期2816-2819,共4页
Occupation and Health
