摘要
深水勘探自1975年至今已发展40余年,其勘探发现历程总体可划分为起步阶段(1975—1984年)、早期阶段(1985—1995年)和快速发展阶段(1996年至今)。目前深水区已成为全球油气勘探的热点和油气增储上产的重要领域之一。40年来全球深水油气大发现主要沿"三竖两横"五大深水盆地群分布:(1)大西洋深水盆地群的石油重大发现主要集中在南段的巴西、西非和墨西哥湾,天然气主要在北部的挪威西海岸;(2)东非陆缘深水盆地群则在鲁武马盆地、坦桑尼亚盆地等发现一批巨型天然气田;(3)西太平洋深水盆地群油气大发现主要集中在中国南海和东南亚海域;(4)新特提斯深水盆地群总体富气,天然气重大发现主要集中在澳大利亚西北陆架和东地中海;(5)环北极深水盆地群目前仅在巴伦支海获深水油气大发现。全球深水石油资源主要集中在大西洋中、南段;天然气资源分布相对广泛,主要在大西洋深水盆地群北段、东非深水盆地群、新特提斯深水盆地群、环北极深水盆地群。未来全球深水盆地勘探存在"两老四新"六大领域,"两老"领域为大西洋深水盆地群和东西走向的新特提斯构造域深水富气盆地群,二者勘探程度相对较高,但潜力仍然很大;"四新"领域包括盐下和超深水区等深层新领域,以及环北极深水盆地群和滨西太平洋深水盆地群,新领域将是今后深水油气勘探的主要领域。
Deepwater exploration has been developed for more than 40 years since 1975,generally,its exploration history can be divided into the beginning stage（1975-1984）,the early stage（1985-1995）and the rapid development stage（1996-now）.Currently,deepwater areas have become the hotspot of global oil and gas exploration,and they are also one of the most important fields of oil and gas increase in reserves and production all over the world.In 40 years,global deepwater oil and gas discoveries are mainly distributed along five deepwater basin groups which are characterized by＂three vertical and two horizontal＂：（1）In deepwater basins of Atlantic Ocean,giant discoveries of oil are mainly concentrated in the Brazil,West Africa and the Gulf of Mexico of the southern part of Atlantic Ocean,and the significant discoveries of natural gas are mainly in the west coast of Norway of the northern part of Atlantic Ocean;（2）In deepwater basins of East African continental margin,agroup of giant gas fields have been found in Rovuma Basin and Tanzania Basin;（3）In deepwater basins of Western Pacific Ocean,giant discoveries of oil and gas are mainly concentrated in the South China Sea and Southeast Asian waters;（4）The deepwater basins of Neo-Tethys Region are rich in gas,and the most important gas discoveries are mainly distributed in the northwest shelf of Australia and the eastern Mediterranean;（5）In deepwater basins around the Arctic Pole,major discoveries of oil and gas have been only found in deepwater area of Barents sea currently.Global deepwater oil resources are mainly concentrated in the middle and south sections of Atlantic Ocean.Deepwater gas resources are relatively widely spread,mainly distribute in northern part of Atlantic Ocean deepwater basins,the deepwater basins of East African,the deepwater basins of Neo-Tethys region and the deepwater basins around the Arctic Pole.There will be six domains for future oil-gas exploration of global deepwater basins which are characterized by＂two old and four new＂,specifically,＂wo old＂domains refer to the Atlantic offshore deepwater basins and offshore deepwater basins of the Neotethys structural domain,where exploration degree is relatively high,but the potential is still great;While the ＂four new＂domains stand for presalt and ultra deepwater basins formations,offshore deepwater basins in the circum-North Pole area and West Pacific offshore deepwater basins,and the new fields will be the main fields of deepwater oil and gas exploration in the future.
作者
张功成
屈红军
赵冲
张凤廉
赵钊
Zhang Gong-cheng Qu Hong-jun Zhao Chong Zhang Feng-lian Zhao Zhao(CNOOC Research Center, Beijing 100027, China Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi＇ an 710069, China)
出处
《天然气地球科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1447-1477,共31页
Natural Gas Geoscience
基金
国家科技重大专项(编号:2008ZX05025
2011ZX05025
2016ZX05026)
国家重点基础研究发展规划("973")项目(编号:2009CB219400)
国土资源部全国油气资源战略选区调查评价项目(编号:XQ2004-05)
南海北部陆坡深水海域油气资源战略调查及评价项目(编号:XQ2007-05)联合资助
关键词
深水
油气大发现
巴西
西非
墨西哥湾
东非
澳大利亚西北陆架
东地中海
新领域
Deepwater
Giant discoveries of oil and gas
Brazil
West Africa
Gulf of Mexico
East Africa
Northwest shelf of Australia
Eastern Mediterranean
New field
