摘要
工业的迅猛发展为我国经济增长奠定了坚实的基础,但与此同时其排放的大量工业废水对生态环境和民生福祉造成了恶劣的影响。基于2009—2014年我国31省区的数据,首次尝试构建工业废水排放与经济增长的脱钩模型,利用Tapio脱钩体系中的8种状态具体分析两者的相互关系及作用程度,并进一步从产业与资源两个视角对脱钩状态从技术、结构、生态和效率四个方面进行因素分解,最终通过对比分析后得到工业废水与经济增长脱钩的主导因素,结果表明:(1)研究期内,除贵州为增长连接状态外,我国余下30个省区均实现了工业废水与经济增长的脱钩,其中19个省区为强脱钩,基本分布在我国地理上中部和南部地区,其余11个省区为弱脱钩,大多在我国的北部地区,脱钩状态呈现"南弱北强"的分布局势。(2)以产业角度对脱钩总指标进行分解发现,全国87%的省份尚未实现结构脱钩,而只有贵州尚未达到技术的脱钩标准,另外,除了黑龙江,贵州是以结构脱钩为主导,其他29省均表现为技术脱钩占优势,即技术指标为脱钩关键因素。(3)以资源的角度对脱钩总指标分解发现,全国均满足了效率脱钩的条件,但不同地区在结构与生态脱钩状态上存在明显的地区差异特色,即效率指标为脱钩关键因素。据此,本文提出针对性建议:(1)国家层面上,应该及时更新工业废水排放标准,充分利用经济手段,对污水处理分档次计费,增强管理制度的规范性和科学性。(2)省份层面上,应深入理解脱钩关系背后的实质问题,处理好效率、技术、结构三者的关系,以其协调发展逐步实现工业废水与经济增长的强脱钩状态。
The rapid development of industry has laid a firm foundation for China＇s economic growth but at same timea large amount of industrial wastewater exerted negative impacts on ecological environment and citizens＇ well-being and livelihood.Based on the data of 31 provinces in China in 2009-2014,this paper analyzed the relationship and degree between industrial wastewater discharges and economic growth by applying eight kinds of specific indicators in Tapio decoupling system for the first time.Furthermore,in order to find out the dominant factor for the decoupling,it decomposed the decoupling index into four aspects of technology,structure,ecology and efficiency,and from two perspective of industry and resources.The conclusions are as follows： first,during the research period,the30 provinces in China achieved the decoupling of industrial wastewater and economic growth while Guizhou achieved the growth state.Among them,19 provinces were decoupled strongly and mainlydistributed in the middle and southern regions of China.Other 11 provinces were decoupled weakly and most of them distributed in the northern region of China.So decoupling state showed a distribution status of ‘weak south and strongnorth＇.Second,from the perspective of industry,it showed that 87% of China＇s provinces have not yet achieved structural decoupling,but only Guizhou has not yet reached the decoupling standard of technology.Heilongjiang and Guizhouwere dominated by structural decoupling,and other 29 provinces were dominated by technical decoupling; that is to say,technical indicators were the key factors of decoupling key factors.Third,from the perspective of resource and decomposing total indicators of decoupling,it showed that the whole nation has accomplished efficiency decoupling,but there were obvious regional differences on structure and ecology decoupling status.Hence,the key factor for decoupling is efficiency indicators.Finally,this paper put forward some suggestions： at the national level,timelyupdating the industrial wastewater discharge standards and making full use of economic ways to standardize the sewage treatment and realize the normative and scientific management system.At the provincial level,deeply understanding the real problems behind the decoupling relationship,handling the relationship between efficiency,technology and structure,and gradually realizing the strong decoupling of industrial wastewater and economic growth with its coordinated development.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期185-192,共8页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"绿色水资源利用效率的空间异质性及其与新型城镇化的耦合"(批准号:41301620)
"社会网络关系嵌入下小型农田水利农户参与供给研究"(批准号:41501126)
中央高校业务基金项目"海绵城市建设的水资源保障研究"(批准号:2016B09714)
关键词
工业废水
经济增长
脱钩
省际差异
industrial waste water discharges
economic growth
decoupling
provincial difference
