摘要
从游客需求角度出发,以山西乌金山国家森林公园为案例研究地,主要运用参数检验方法和结构方程模型对影响游客拥挤感知的因素进行研究。结果表明:男性游客的拥挤感知较高;不同学历的游客的拥挤感知存在差异,总体上学历对拥挤感知具有反向影响;山西省内游客相对外来游客对拥挤感知更强;游客游览时间长短也会影响拥挤感知程度;不良行为敏感者对拥挤的感知越强烈;自然环境对拥挤感知存在缓冲作用;设施数量条件越少,拥挤感知越强。因此,为景区管理提出设施数量应与游客数量形成有机匹配、继续保护维持良好的自然环境等建议。
⑴Background——Since 2001,forest tourism as the primary form of ecotourism has developed rapidly.However,the problem of tourist crowding caused by the rapid growth of tourists has become one of the important obstacles to the development of forest tourism scenic spots.As for the study of crowded perception foreign scholars have made abundant achievements at the level of theory and practice.In contrast,the existing domestic research on the problem of tourism congestion lacks both in object and content.
⑵Methods——This article did empirical research on the crowded perception from the perspective of the needs of tourists,combined with the Wujin Mountain National Forest Park in Shanxi as a case study object area.The research group issued questionnaire to tourists for collecting the relevant data of crowded perception.On this basis,this paper mainly using factor parameter testing method and structural equation model to study the factors that influence the crowded perception of tourists.
⑶Results——The results show that the degree of congestion perception among the each tourists is different.In the demographics characteristics,the characteristic as gender,education and source have a significant impact on congestion perception.Male tourists have stronger crowded perception compared to female tourists.A-mong different educational backgrounds the crowded perception of tourists is different.On the whole,the education has a negative impact on crowded perception;tourists in Shanxi province are more sensitive to crowding than foreign tourists;while the 3 variables of age,occupation and monthly income have no significant effect on crowded perception.In the recreational characteristics,the length of the tour time will also affect the crowded perception,tourists who expected to spend less time in the area have a higher sense of congestion.However,there are no significant impacts on the crowded perception,such as the number of trips,the mode of transportation,the motivation of travel and the companion mode.In others characteristics,bad behavior is an important variable affecting crowding perception,people who are sensitive to bad behavior are more likely to be aware of crowded perception.In terms of environmental characteristics,the number of facilities and the natural environment have the opposite effect on congestion perception.Namely,the natural environment has a buffer effect on crowded perception,while the less number of facilities,the stronger the crowded perception.
⑷Conclusions and Discussions——The characteristics of tourists,others and the environment have different degree of impact on the crowded perception of tourists,so the scenic spots should take targeted management measures to reduce the crowded perception.Firstly,since the number of facilities has the greatest impact on crowded perception,it is recommended that park management need to pay attention to the number of facilities organically matches the number of visitors.Secondly,scenic areas should continue to protect and maintain good natural environment to further improve the ecological comfort of the scenic area.Thirdly,the park should actively play the role of environmental education,through the strengthening of environmental protection and guidance education to improve tourists protection awareness and sense of responsibility so as to restrict the bad behavior during the tour.Finally,according to the difference between social background and tourism preferences of tourists,if managers want to reduce the crowded perception,it is feasible to change tourists preferences and expectations by increasing publicity to extend the travel time,friendship reminders and other ways.
出处
《林业经济问题》
北大核心
2017年第5期49-53,共5页
Issues of Forestry Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金资助项目(15JBY129)
关键词
森林公园
拥挤感知
影响因素
实证分析
forest park
crowded perception
influencing factors
empirical analysis
