摘要
为了解鄂东典型工业城市——黄石市可吸入颗粒物中元素的浓度水平、污染特征及来源,于2012年4月至2013年2月在黄石市城区采集PM_(10)样品,利用能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪测定了17种元素的质量浓度.运用富集因子法讨论了PM_(10)中14种元素的污染特征,并通过主成分分析法和正定矩阵因子分析法(PMF)分析了这些元素的来源.结果表明,观测期间黄石城区PM_(10)中元素质量浓度变化范围较大,在0.01~9.83μg·m^(-3)之间,其中S的浓度最高,Ni和V的浓度最低.与国家二级标准相比,Pb和Cd日均浓度超标较为严重,全年超标天数分别达到36.4%和89.1%.富集因子分析表明,PM_(10)中Ti、V、Mn和Ni为轻度富集,受自然源和人为源的双重影响;Ca、Cr和Ba为中度富集,Cu、Zn和Pb为高度富集,Sn、Sb和Fe为超富集,说明这些元素受到人为源的影响较大.主成分分析和PMF源解析结果表明,PM_(10)中元素主要来源于地壳源/土壤扬尘、燃煤源、工业源和机动车源,且两种方法的解析结果具有较好的一致性.
In order to investigate the characteristics and sources of elements in atmospheric aerosols（PM10） measurements,samples were collected between April 2012 and February 2013 in Huangshi,a typical industrial city in the east of Hubei province,China.These samples were analyzed for seventeen elements using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.In addition,the pollution characteristics of fourteen elements were analyzed by an enrichment factor（EF） method,and the sources of these elements were studied by a principal component analysis（PCA） and positive matrix factorization（PMF） method.The result from the EF indicated that the concentration of the seventeen elements in the PM10 measurements varied from 0.01-9.83 μg·m-3.The elemental concentration of S was the highest and Ni and V was the lowest during the monitoring period in Huangshi.Daily levels of Pb and Cd exceeded the annual reference values set by the National Ambient Air Quality Standard（GB3095-2012） by 36.4% and 89.1%,respectively.An analysis of EF showed that Ti,V,Mn,and Ni elements were mildly enriched,indicating they were affected by both natural and anthropogenic sources.Ca,Cr,and Ba elements were moderately enriched and Cu,Zn,Pb,Sn,Sb,and Fe were highly enriched or hyper accumulated,suggesting they are mainly sourced from human activities.There were four sources significantly contributing to the elements in the PM10 measurement,which were determined using PCA and PMF analysis.These were soil and fugitive dust,coal combustion,industry exhausts,and motor vehicle emissions.The results of the two models supported each other and had good consistency.
作者
占长林
张家泉
郑敬茹
姚瑞珍
刘红霞
肖文胜
刘先利
曹军骥
ZHAN Chang-lin;ZHANG Jia-quan;ZHENG Jing-ru;YAO Rui-zhen;LIU Hong-xia;XIAO Wen-sheng;LIU Xian-li;CAO Jun-ji(Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China;Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry ＆ Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi＇an 710061, China;Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi＇an Jiaotong University, Xi＇an 710049, China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期4463-4468,共6页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41603117)
湖北理工学院引进人才项目(16xjz02R)
湖北理工学院矿区重金属污染防治与资源化协同创新中心开放基金项目(xt201303)
科技部科技基础性工作专项(2013FY112700)
关键词
PM10
元素
富集因子
来源
黄石
PM10
elements
enrichment factor
source
Huangshi
