摘要
【目的】斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura(Fabricius)是一种重要农业害虫,因药物、外界环境等选择压力的不同,造成其生长发育有所差异。噻虫啉是第二代氯代烟碱类杀虫剂,对昆虫烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体有很强的激动作用。本实验旨在探讨噻虫啉对斜纹夜蛾的亚致死效应,为斜纹夜蛾的综合防治和噻虫啉的合理使用提供理论依据。【方法】采用饲料混毒法,测定噻虫啉对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的毒力,确定其亚致死剂量LC25和LC50。通过离体酶活性测定,分析噻虫啉亚致死剂量对斜纹夜蛾体内羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S转移酶和多功能氧化酶3种代谢解毒酶活性的影响。记录各个年龄阶段的生长发育、繁殖力以及种群增长等数据,应用特征年龄-龄期及两性生命表方法分析LC25和LC50剂量处理和对照的斜纹夜蛾子代(F1)两性生命表参数的差异。【结果】以LC25和LC50剂量处理斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫48 h,羧酸酯酶活性均受到明显诱导,分别升高了14.2%和45.1%;谷胱甘肽-S转移酶活性受到明显的抑制,分别降低了9.8%和37.1%;而多功能氧化酶活性均低于对照,其抑制作用与浓度成正比,但差异不显著。LC25和LC50剂量处理斜纹夜蛾幼虫后,子代(F1)的成虫前期分别比对照延长了3.05 d和4.80 d,雄成虫寿命分别缩短了2.06 d和3.31 d,雌成虫寿命分别缩短了0.13 d和0.92 d;其单雌产卵量均显著减少,分别降低了17.7%和33.3%;化蛹率分别降低了10.7%和11.4%;两个处理的内禀增长率(r)、周限增长率(λ)和净增殖率(R0)均显著小于对照,平均世代时间(T)均明显延长。【结论】羧酸酯酶可能为斜纹夜蛾对噻虫啉解毒代谢过程中的主要解毒酶,在其后续抗性形成中起主要作用;噻虫啉亚致死剂量对斜纹夜蛾的生长、发育、繁殖有显著的抑制作用。
【Aim】 Spodoptera litura （Fabricius） is an important agricultural insect pest, and its growth and development are different under the selective pressure of different drugs and environments. Thiacloprid, the second neonicotinoid insecticide, has potent agonist activity on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of insects. This study aims to explore the sublethal effects of thiacloprid on S. litura so as to provide a scientific basis for the integrated management program for S. litura and the rational use of thiacloprid. 【Methods】 The toxicity of thiacloprid on the 3rd instar larvae of S. litura was assayed with diet-incorporation bioassays, and the effects of thiacloprid at two sublethal doses （LC25 and LC50） on the activities of three detoxifying enzymes including the carboxylesterase （CarE）, glutathione-S-transferase （GSTs） and P450-ECOD were analyzed by in vitro enzyme activity assay. The growth, fecundity and population growth data of the tested insects were recorded, and the differences of the age-stage two-sex life table parameters between the LC25 and LC50 treatment groups and the control group of the offspring （F1） of S. litura were analyzed by using the age-stage two-sex life table method. 【Results】 The results showed that when the 3rd instar larvae of S. litura were treated with two sublethal doses of thiacloprid （LC25 and LC50） for 48 h, the CarE activities obviously increased by 14.2% and 45.1%, respectively, whereas the GSTs activities were inhibited significantly with the inhibition rates of 9.8% and 37.1%, respectively, as compared with those in the control. The activities of P450-ECOD in the treatment groups decreased with the inhibition effect positively related to the thiacloprid doses, but had no significant difference from those in the control group. The preadult duration of F1 generation in the LC25 and LC50 treatment groups was prolonged about 3.05 d and 4.80 d, respectively, as compared with that of the control group, while the male adult longevities were shorten by 2.06 and 3.31 d, respectively, the female adult longevities were shortened by 0.13 and 0.92 d, respectively, and the mean numbers of eggs laid per female were decreased significantly by 17.7% and 33.3%, respectively. The pupation rates in the LC25 and LC50 treatment groups were decreased by 10.7% and 11.4%, respectively, and the intrinsic rates of increase （r）, finite rates of increase （λ） and net reproductive rates （R0） were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the mean generation time （T） became longer obviously. 【Conclusion】 The results demonstrate that CarE may be the major enzyme in the metabolic detoxification of thiacloprid in S. litura and involved in the resistance development, and the sublethal dose of thiacloprid can significantly restrain the growth, development and reproduction of S. litura.
作者
梁炜博
向兴
王学贵
杨群芳
罗家栋
LIANG Wei-Bo;XIANG Xing;WANG Xue-Gui;YANG Qun-Fang;LUO Jia-Dong(Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;Plant Protection Station, Bureau of Agriculture of Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, China)
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1187-1197,共11页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项"作物害虫抗药性监测及治理技术研究与示范"(201203038)
关键词
斜纹夜蛾
噻虫啉
亚致死效应
代谢解毒酶
两性生命表
Spodoptera litura
thiacloprid
sublethal effect
metabolic detoxification enzyme
age-stage twosex life table
