摘要
[目的]对比分析不同原料制备的生物炭的理化性质及其对土壤持水性的影响,为选择合适的生物炭改良和修复土壤提供理论依据。[方法]以鸡粪、浒苔及稻草为原料,分高、中、低3种不同温度制备生物炭,运用元素分析、盆栽培养等试验研究其特性。[结果]稻草中C,H及灰分的含量较高,鸡粪中N含量较高,浒苔中C含量低,O含量较高;而在制备的生物炭中,鸡粪基生物炭C和N含量较高,浒苔基生物C含量却比较低。另外,3种类型生物炭的H/C摩尔比值随着热解温度的升高而逐渐降低,C/N比随着热解温度的升高而增大。不同原料制备的生物炭pH值随着热解温度的升高而增大,pH值从6.82~8.35升高至9.33~10.29;3种类型的生物炭pH值随着灰分含量的增大而增大,但增长速率不同,稻草基生物炭>浒苔基生物炭>鸡粪基生物炭。并且,随着热解温度的升高,鸡粪、浒苔及稻草基生物炭引起土壤持水性逐渐增强。[结论]在土壤提供营养成分方面,鸡粪基生物炭显然更具优势,而且在促进土壤持水性方面,鸡粪生物炭也相对更强一些。
[Objective]In order to select the appropriate biochar for soil improvement and remediation,the physical and chemical properties of biochar produced from chicken manure,the enteromorpha and straw were compared,and the effect of biochar on capacity of soil water holding was also compared.[Methods]The biochars were produced at 350,500 and 650 ℃ under anoxic condition.To investigate the impact on soil and properties of biochar produced from three types of biowaste,the elements analysis and pot experiments were performed.[Results]The element contents in three types of material were obviously different.The contents of carbon,hydrogen and ash in straw were higher than those of others.However,it was found that nitrogen content was higher in chicken manure,and carbon content was lower in enteromorpha but oxygen content was higher.Carbon content and nitrogen content of biochar produced from chicken manure were higher than those of the other two feedstocks,and carbon content of enteromorpha was lower.The H/C mole ratio ofbiochar was obviously lower than that of feedstock,and it decreased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature.However,the C/N mole ratio increased slowly with the increase of pyrolysis temperature.Moreover,it was found that the pH value of biochar produced from different feedstocks increases with pyrolysis temperature.The pH values increased from 6.82-8.35 to 9.33-10.29.Furthermore,the pH values increased as ash content increased.The pH values of biochar increased variously with the increase of ash content,for the three types of biochar,the increase rate ranked：straw enteromorphachicken manure.It was also found that the water holding capacity of biochar produced from three types of feedstocks gradually improved with the increase of pyrolysis temperature.[Conclusion]Biochar produced from chicken manure behaved better than others did in nutrients providing and water holding capacity.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
2017年第5期63-68,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
山东省中青年科学家奖励项目"生物炭改良剂对设施菜地土壤典型杀虫剂吡虫啉的影响和调控机理研究"(BS2013NY009)
国家自然科学基金项目(41501542)
山东省重点研发项目(2016GNC110017)
关键词
生物炭
理化特性
元素分析
盆栽试验
持水性
biochar
physical and chemical properties
element analysis
pot experiment
water holding capacity
